推荐回答(1个)
一、研究区地理位置
南阳市地处河南省西南部,辖10县2区:桐柏县、方城县、淅川县、镇平县、唐河县、南台县、内乡县、新野县、社旗县、西峡县和宛城区、卧龙区。面积24282.8km2。本次研究区以城区为中心,包括了宛城区的一部分和卧龙区的一部分,总面积362.45km2。南阳市交通方便,有焦枝铁路穿过研究区,北通洛阳、南达襄樊;公路以城区为中心四通八达,可直达西安、郑州、洛阳、襄樊及周围各县市;有民航机场,经郑州可通往全国各地。
二、自然地理条件
(一)地形地貌
南阳市地势西北高,东南低,最低标高为白河河床海拔113m,最高标高在独山顶为367.9m。水系属长江流域,以白河为主干,其五条支流流向由北向南,呈羽状分布,形成平坦的河盆地势。地貌可分为侵蚀剥蚀孤山丘陵、剥蚀垄岗和河谷平原三种类型。
(二)气候
南阳市属季风型大陆性气候。季风的进退与四季的替换比较明显,光照充分,气候温和,雨热同季。全年多东北风,其频率为19%。年平均气温为14.8℃。7月份最热,1月份最冷,年平均日照2059小时,年平均无霜期229天。年平均降水量804.3mm,年最大降水量为1290.1mm(1963),年最小降水量492.2mm(1978)。冬季降水量较小,7、8月份最大。日最大降水为212.9mm(1957年7月7日),历年一次最大连续性降水量为589.7mm(1963年8月1~11日)。
(三)水文
境内河道属长江支流汉江流域的唐白河水系。白河是该水系的两大干流之一。流经市区的支流有温凉河、梅溪河、三里河、邕河、十二里河、漂河。河道总长度427.835km。主要河流白河最大流量2500m3/s,最小流量0.036m3/s。
三、南阳市社会经济概况
南阳市古称宛,是一座文化历史名城。先秦时期,就已是楚国著名的冶铁中心和商业城市,汉代为全国六大都会之一,是光武帝刘秀“龙兴”之地。号曰南都。此后历为郡、州、府、县治所。南阳人文荟萃,历代名人辈出,如春秋时有秦相百里奚、越大夫范蠡;东汉有科学家张衡、医学家张仲景;三国时有蜀相诸葛亮;唐代有著名诗人岑参等,均与南阳有极深之渊源。这座文化历史名城文物古迹丰富,旅游事业发展潜力很大,如坐落在卧龙岗上的南阳诸葛庐、故城东关温凉河畔的南阳医圣祠、故城区西北隅的王府山、汉画馆以及百里奚故里、汉代冶铁遗址、宛城遗址、府文庙大成殿、明清府署等,还有张衡墓、山陕会馆、内乡县衙等计20余处。
南阳在历史上以手工业著称。建国后经过40多年建设,先后建立起轻纺、化工、医药、酿造、皮革、塑料、机械、电子、建材、工艺美术等30多个行业。1990年全年工业总产值14.51亿元。
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