诗的第十四行是什么

2025-03-11 10:15:17
推荐回答(2个)
回答1:

十四行诗,又译“商籁体,”为意大利文sonetto,英文Sonnet、法文sonnet的音译。是欧洲一种格律严谨的抒情诗体。最初流行于意大利,彼特拉克的创作使其臻于完美,又称“彼特拉克体”,后传到欧洲各国。
十四行诗的格律主要包含行数、韵脚、音节、音调、结构等:
一、行数:要求有十四行,每行不一定是完整的句子。有时为了韵脚的需要,把意思连贯的一句分成两行,但每行词数不一定要相同。
二、结构:一般分为前后两个部份。不同诗体前后两部份的行数不同。彼得拉克体由两节四行诗(共8行) 和两节三行诗(共6行)组成。
三、韵及韵脚:是十四行诗体的难点和特点之一,十四行诗根据不同的诗体:彼得拉克体4到5个,斯宾塞体6个,莎士比亚体7个,“奥涅金诗节”7个。英语词汇一般由多音节组成。
四、轻重音搭配。中国律诗绝句,每句诗中要求平仄相间,使音调抑扬顿挫,铿锵有声,具音乐感,十四行诗虽不要求每行诗词数相同,但要求同样的音步,每个音步有一轻一重两个音节,斯宾塞体、莎士比亚体要求每行5个音步,10个音节;彼得拉克体要求11个音节;法语要求12个音节。
扩展资料:
因为音乐合律的需要,十四行诗的格律亦相当严密,某些地方(如押韵要求)的苛刻程度甚至超过了中国古诗词。
自欧洲进入文艺复兴时代之后,这种诗体获得广泛的运用。意大利的诗人彼特拉克成了运用十四行诗体最主要的代表。他一生写了375首十四行诗,汇集成《抒情诗集》,献给他的情人劳拉。
在他笔下的十四行诗,每首分成两部分:前一部分由两段四行诗组成,后一部分由两段三行诗组成,即按四、四、三、三编排。其押韵格式为ABBA,ABBA,CDE,CDE或ABBA,ABBA,CDC,DCD以及ABBA,ABBA,CDC,CDC等格式。每行诗句十一个音节,通常用抑扬格。
十四行诗的起源可能起源于第13世纪西西里法庭诗人当中的游吟诗人爱情诗的影响。
十四行诗在西方流传很广。除意(彼特拉克为代表)、英(莎士比亚为代表)之外,在西班牙、法国、葡萄牙、德国、波兰、俄国等也有人写十四行诗,但成就不及前者。中国新诗诗人所模仿的主要是彼体、莎体两种。
一般认为中国写十四行诗取得最大成就的应该是冯至,其主要作品为《十四行集》。冯至曾任同济大学教授兼附设高级中学主任,估计是同济历史上文学方面名气最大的人。

回答2:

Sonnet、法文sonnet的音译。是欧洲一种格律严谨的抒情诗体。最初流行于意大利,彼特拉克的创作使其臻于完美,又称“彼特拉克体”,后传到欧洲各国。 十四行诗的格律主要包含行数、韵脚、音节、音调、结构等: 一、行数:要求有十四行

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