夜鹰的种类有哪些?

2025-03-30 06:10:21
推荐回答(1个)
回答1:

种类:

半领夜鹰Lurocalis semitorquatus

棕腹夜鹰Lurocalis rufiventris

小白喉美洲夜鹰Chordeiles pusillus

巴伊亚美洲夜鹰Chordeiles vielliardi

沙色美洲夜鹰Chordeiles rupestris

灰眉美洲夜鹰Chordeiles acutipennis

普通美洲夜鹰Chordeiles minor

安岛美洲夜鹰Chordeiles gundlachii

斑尾夜鹰Nyctiprogne leucopyga

纳昆达夜鹰Podager nacunda

毛腿夜鹰Eurostopodus macrotis

斑毛腿夜鹰Eurostopodus argus

白喉毛腿夜鹰Eurostopodus mystacalis

环颈毛腿夜鹰Eurostopodus diabolicus

巴布亚毛腿夜鹰Eurostopodus papuensis

阿氏毛腿夜鹰Eurostopodus archboldi

马来毛腿夜鹰Eurostopodus temminckii

帕拉夜鹰Nyctidromus albicollis

弱夜鹰Phalaenoptilus nuttallii

牙买加夜鹰Siphonorhis americana

中美夜鹰Siphonorhis brewsteri

耳夜鹰Nyctiphrynus mcleodii

尤卡坦耳夜鹰Nyctiphrynus yucatanicus

黑耳夜鹰Nyctiphrynus ocellatus

查岛耳夜鹰Nyctiphrynus rosenbergi

卡氏夜鹰Caprimulgus carolinensis

棕夜鹰Caprimulgus rufus

古巴夜鹰Caprimulgus cubanensis

斯岛夜鹰Caprimulgus ekmani

褐领夜鹰Caprimulgus salvini

尤卡褐领夜鹰Caprimulgus badius

丝尾夜鹰Caprimulgus sericocaudatus

黄领夜鹰Caprimulgus ridgwayi

三声夜鹰Caprimulgus vociferus

波多黎各夜鹰Caprimulgus noctitherus

美洲乌夜鹰Caprimulgus saturatus

斑翅夜鹰Caprimulgus longirostris

白尾夜鹰Caprimulgus cayennensis

白翅夜鹰Caprimulgus candicans

斑尾夜鹰Caprimulgus maculicaudus

小夜鹰Caprimulgus parvulus

灌丛夜鹰Caprimulgus anthonyi

卡因夜鹰Caprimulgus maculosus

暗夜鹰Caprimulgus nigrescens

委内瑞拉夜鹰Caprimulgus whitelyi

侏夜鹰Caprimulgus hirundinaceus

褐夜鹰Caprimulgus binotatus

红颈夜鹰Caprimulgus ruficollis

普通夜鹰Caprimulgus indicus

欧夜鹰Caprimulgus europaeus

乌夜鹰Caprimulgus fraenatus

棕颊夜鹰Caprimulgus rufigena

埃及夜鹰Caprimulgus aegyptius

塞氏夜鹰Caprimulgus mahrattensis

中亚夜鹰Caprimulgus centralasicus

努比亚夜鹰Caprimulgus nubicus

金夜鹰Caprimulgus eximius

长尾夜鹰Caprimulgus macrurus

印度长尾夜鹰Caprimulgus atripensis

菲律宾夜鹰Caprimulgus manillensis

苏拉夜鹰Caprimulgus celebensis

德氏夜鹰Caprimulgus donaldsoni

黑肩夜鹰Caprimulgus nigriscapularis

非洲夜鹰Caprimulgus pectoralis

灰头夜鹰Caprimulgus poliocephalus

鲁文夜鹰Caprimulgus ruwenzorii

印度夜鹰Caprimulgus asiaticus

马岛夜鹰Caprimulgus madagascariensis

纳塔尔夜鹰Caprimulgus natalensis

纯色夜鹰Caprimulgus inornatus

星斑夜鹰Caprimulgus stellatus

林夜鹰Caprimulgus affinis

雀斑夜鹰Caprimulgus tristigma

白喉夜鹰Caprimulgus concretus

萨氏夜鹰Caprimulgus pulchellus

普氏夜鹰Caprimulgus prigoginei

领夜鹰Caprimulgus enarratus

贝氏夜鹰Caprimulgus batesi

非洲长尾夜鹰Caprimulgus climacurus

细尾夜鹰Caprimulgus clarus

方尾夜鹰Caprimulgus fossii

旗翅夜鹰Macrodipteryx longipennis

翎翅夜鹰Macrodipteryx vexillarius

梯尾水夜鹰Hydropsalis climacocerca

剪尾水夜鹰Hydropsalis torquata

小燕尾夜鹰Uropsalis segmentata

大燕尾夜鹰Uropsalis lyra

燕尾夜鹰Macropsalis forcipata

镰翅夜鹰Eleothreptus anomalus

习性

夜鹰羽色和树皮非常相似,具有很好的保护色,使人们极难发现。常在夜间活动,黄昏时很活跃,不停地在空中捕食蚊、虻、蛾等昆虫。飞行时,两翅缓慢地鼓动,也能长时间滑翔,在捕捉昆虫时,能够突然曲折地绕飞。遇到敌人时,可以无声地迅速飞去。夜鹰中个别种类有休眠的习性,这在鸟类中十分罕见。

鸣叫

常在夜间鸣叫,发出连续的单音节叫声,略似"塔、塔、塔、塔",类似机关枪的声音。

繁殖

每年5~7月间繁殖,从不筑巢,将卵产在地面、岩石上、茂密的针叶林、矮树丛间,野草或灌木的下面。每次产卵两个,卵呈白色,杂有灰褐和暗灰色斑,大小平均为30.7~22.7毫米。孵卵白天由雌鸟担任。晨昏由雄鸟接替,孵化期16~22天,雏鸟留巢期16~30天。

食性

嗜食鳞翅目,鞘翅目等昆虫,是著名的农林业益鸟。特别爱吃金龟子、蛾类和蚊子等害虫。有人曾在一只夜鹰的胃中拣出500多只蚊子,因此获得了"蚊母鸟"的美称。

夜鹰的全身都为捕虫而生:听觉和视觉都很敏锐,一双大眼在黑暗中闪闪发亮。羽毛轻软,飞行无声,能在空中快速回旋、滑翔。嘴极为宽阔,可以张得很大,口两侧还生有成排的硬须,在空中捕虫时,大口犹如虫网可将大量昆虫兜入,中趾上长有梳子一样的缘,可以用来将沾在须上的昆虫梳进口中。

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