如何看待电子显微镜在临床医学和医学科学研究中的地位和作用
推荐回答(1个)
电子显微镜在临床医学和医学科学研究中的地位和作用都是举足轻重的
可以说是革命性的的改变
目前医学领域的发展越来越离不开电子显微镜,随着电子显微镜的越来越科学精密,现在电子显微镜在其中发挥了越来越重要的作用。
最常见医学上的应用为:
1、用电子电子显微镜描绘神经回路
2、电子显微镜观察DNA形态
3、扫描软骨细胞的电子电子显微镜图像
4、通过电子电子显微镜发现动物肾脏早期纤维化
5、可观察真核细胞的细胞器
而且电子电子显微镜能见到,纳米(mm)级别。用于区分各种病毒的形态和大小病毒的种类,也可以进行分子间力的测量,可控性分子操作等多个领域。
电子显微镜,能够把生物医学的研究,从宏观水平发展到微观水平。原来人们利用光镜可以看到动植物的细胞和许多微生物等,但因受其自然光线波长的限制,使其分辨率很难满足人们揭示超微观结构奥秘的需要。有些学者就通过对电镜应用,研究了大多数有关疾病的超微病理结构,积累了许多资料,从而为将电镜用于各种临床疾病的病理诊断打下了良好的基础,使病理学的研究提高到了一个新的水平。目前电子显微镜病理诊断已广泛应用于临床病理诊断中,特别在传统的临床诊断手段中,对于原来无法确诊的病例,电子显微镜就能发挥其重大的作用。
电子显微镜,利用其自身的优势,在病理学中的应用较为广泛,并不断开拓着病理学的新领域。主要表现为从细胞、亚细胞的形态结构上阐明疾病的发生、发展及转归规律,丰富健全了传统病理学的知识;通过对亚细胞结构和病原体的观察,可诊断肿瘤疾病、肾小球疾病与其他一些细菌、病毒和寄生虫疾病。近几十年来分子生物学和免疫组织化学的迅速发展,为疾病做出诊断提供了许多新的手段。但随着电镜技术的不断改良及与其他技术的紧密结合,使电镜的诊断水平又大大提高。目前的电镜种类很多,有透射电镜、扫描电镜、扫描隧道电镜、原子力电镜等,但应用于临床病理诊断中的主要还是透射电镜和扫描电镜。临床病理诊断为最终诊断,所以在疾病的诊断和鉴别诊断中,电子显微镜起着举足轻重的作用。
现在,电镜不仅能在临床病理诊断中的广泛应用,而且不断完善和丰富了病理学的内容,更加为临床疑难疾病的诊断和鉴别诊断提供了更可靠的科学依据。随着科学技术的迅猛发展,在临床病理诊断中常规电镜技术虽大量使用,但它也存在较大的局限性,比如说,电竞的观察范围比较小等。因此,在积极利用电镜技术的同时,应积极与其他技术相结合,不断改良电镜技术,从而开拓电子显微镜临床应用的新领域。
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