所谓的比喻论证和类比论证有什么区别和相同

2025-04-03 11:53:35
推荐回答(1个)
回答1:

类比论证法浅谈
类比证论是一种通过已知事物(或事例)与跟它有某些相同特点的事物(或事例)进行比较类推从而证明论点的论证方法.其中,“相同特点”是这种论证方法能够成立的前提,没有它,就无法进行类推;“比较类推”是这种论证方法的根本标志,没有这个推理过程,就达不到证明论点的目的;“已知事物”是这种论证方法的一个重要条件,它是为所要论述的主体事物服务的客体事物,没有这个条件,不能使类推的道理明显化,不易为读者接受,在某些情况下也不能达到证明论点的目的.这种论证方法通过客体事物与主体事物相同特点的比较,把客体事物的性质类推到主体事物上,由此揭示出主体事物具有客体事物同样的性质,从而达到证明论点的目的.《邹忌讽齐王纳谏》中,作者把邹忌受到不切实际的赞美即受蒙蔽的这一性质类推到了齐王的身上,生动地证明了“王之蔽甚矣”这一论点.由此可见,客体事物在论证中起着印证主体事物所具有的某些性质,进而证明论点的作用.所以,实质上是一些特殊的论据.

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