满族的主要节日有哪些。。。。

2025-04-01 18:21:20
推荐回答(4个)
回答1:

满族特有的节日习俗

一、添仓节

农历正月二十五日,是日煮一盆粘高梁米饭上插用高粱秸扎的“马”或“犁丈”放入粮仓内,后来简化为用高梁秸扎成的“犁丈”直接插在粮仓上,以祈丰年。

二、太阳日(满族人称太阳为“日头”)

农历二月初一。满族人认为这一天是“太阳的生日”。用面做糕上放用粘米面掐成各色的花小鸡。予喻金鸡报晓,迎日出。

三、龙抬头

农历二月初二。这一天要“引龙回家”,即用草木灰从水缸旁一直撒到井旁或河边。灰道弯曲如龙,以示请龙到家,祈求龙王保佑风调雨顺,五谷丰登。这一天给男孩理发,是“龙抬头”的日子,希望男孩变得聪明、学业进步。这一天还要接出嫁的“姑奶奶”回娘家,好吃好喝招待。这天吃饽饽(饺子)叫吃龙鳞,吃烙饼叫吃龙皮,吃元宵叫吃龙眼,吃米饭叫吃龙粪,吃锅贴叫吃龙爪。

四、结缘日

农历四月初八,这一天要“普结善缘”,用煮熟的一碟盐水豆,彼此互敬互吃对方两颗“结缘豆”,表示“普结善缘,天下一家”。结缘都是先敬长辈长者,长者再从自己碟内掐两颗给晚辈吃,表示不分长幼尊卑,团结友善。

五、民俗节

农历四月初八日之后的第一个周六,为满族同胞的除“颁金节”之外的另一个重要节日—民俗节。是沈阳满族联谊会于二 OOO 年六月份邀请辽沈地区满族专家、学者进行考查论证后确定的。是日在春光明媚的郊外举行民族庆祝活动。

六、虫王节

农历六月初六。过去,每逢此日,每户出一人去谒虫王庙,并杀猪以祈虫王,祈求虫王管住虫害。后来深知虫害靠防治而不靠祈神。农村改为“晒衣节”,城市改为“爆书节”,以凉晒衣物图书防止虫咬。

七、马王节

农历六月二十三日。满族祖先狩猎征战,多靠骑马射箭。就是出门远行也多骑马,故多敬重马王。供马王爷时,用烧羊肉一方、鲤鱼一尾、雄鸡一只、还有白酒,行三叩首礼。供后全家饱餐一顿。

八、颁金节

农历十月十三日。公元 1635 年农历十月十三日,清太宗皇太极在沈阳发布一道谕旨,就是用“满洲”这个新族名代替“诸申(女真)”的旧族名,所以,人们便将这一天视为满族族称的诞生日。而“颁金”一词是满语音译,为诞生、出生之意。满族人愿意接受它是因为这两个汉字有吉祥尊贵之意。因此约定俗成,各地满族同胞就都称这一盛大节日为 “颁金节”。

九、走百病

满族妇女的节日。一般在正月十六日。当晚,妇女们三五成群,结伴远洲,或走沙滚冰,或嬉戏欢闹,叫做“走百病”。

十、大祭

大祭没有固定日期,沈阳满族富户每年一次,贫家三、五年一次,一般在腊月举行,连祭三日。第一天祭祖,上午叩头杀牲为朝祭,晚上背灯祭。第二天祭天,亦称“外祭”,又叫“立杆大祭”,叩头杀牲,吃“小肉饭”和“大肉”,“大肉”俗称“燎毛肉”。第三天祭佛托妈妈,即“背灯祭”之神祗,但“背灯祭”为感恩、报恩,此祭则为求子孙兴旺、人口平安。

十一、药香节

新宾满族农家,有许多人将五月初五称为“药香节”。妇女们唠起家常都说:“五月节”天不亮采来的草药可灵了。还有的说这天露水就好像灵丹妙药,若是用这天早晨的露水洗眼睛,保你一年眼睛明亮,真是圣水一般。五月节采的艾蒿荫干后,用来“灸艾子”(针灸学),肚子里有食水都能灸化了,风寒腿秋天用艾蒿灸,七天就能治得不大离儿。还有的说这天刨的“八股牛”(药学名白藓皮)药劲大,治病效果好。五月节这天人们都起大早,到河里去洗眼睛、洗脸。满族农家妇女起得最早,她们先到小河里洗脸、梳头,还用铜盆端回水给公婆洗脸。
孩子们在五月节经常唱着一首歌:“棕子香香厨房,艾叶香香满堂,桃枝插在大门上,除病去邪快乐又安康”。从这首歌词人们定会联想到艾蒿比其它药草灵气大。歌词“艾叶香香满堂”,是因为在三十年代新宾山城乡村草房很多。砖瓦房很少,房檐插上一大排艾蒿。被风一吹顺着开着的窗户吹进屋内,清幽香气满屋,真成了艾叶香香满堂了。

把桃枝插在大门上。或用桃核雕刻成小花筐挂在房门上或挂在孩子手腕上、脖子上,人们认为这能避邪。

回答2:

民俗二三事

回答3:

回答4:

我也不清楚的

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