特发性震颤和帕金森的区别?

2025-03-28 13:53:47
推荐回答(5个)
回答1:

帕金森病是发生在中年以上的中枢神经系统变性疾病,主要病变在大脑的黑质和纹状体.病理生理改变为脑黑质多巴胺能神经元变性,这种神经元变性后导致脑部多巴胺缺乏,引起一系列病理生理改变,其中丘脑底核和苍白球内侧部过度兴奋是帕金森病的重要特征.帕金森病若不早期发现,早期治疗,病情就会进一步恶化,甚至导致劳动力丧失,生活不能自理,而特发性震颤是一种以震颤为唯一表现的运动障碍疾病,主要表现为手部或头部动作性和姿势性震颤,精神紧张时加重,不伴有肌肉僵直和行动迟缓等。由于人们对特发性震颤及帕金森病不是很了解,因此容易造成混淆。
  特发性震颤特点:
1
、特发性震颤患者没有运动减少、肌张力增高和姿势反射障碍,自主性联合运动以及身体姿势和稳定没有障碍,没有辨距不良、共济失调和眼球震颤。2
、特发性震颤在饮酒后2-4小时可小时或者缓解,但第二天症状更重;
3、
特发性震颤常有语音颤抖,但没有语音下降;
4
、服用心得安、扑米酮、安定治疗有效;5、服用左旋多巴、美多巴等药无效。
  帕金森病的震颤特点:
帕金森病的震颤为静止性震颤、主动运动时不明显。多由一侧上肢的远端(手指)开始,然后逐渐扩展到同侧下肢及对侧上、下肢。下颌、口唇、舌头及头部一般均最后受累。震颤较为粗大,频率为4~8次/s(4~8Hz),能为意识暂时控制但不持久,激动及疲劳时加重,睡眠时消失。
  以上是对特发性震颤与帕金森特点的区别的介绍,专家强调:特发性震颤,也称家族性震颤。由于人们对特发性震颤认识不足,对于特发性震颤的临床诊断率不高,而且有些患有特发性震颤的中老年人又担心自己得了帕金森病,是患特发性震颤还是帕金森病,需要专业医师给予仔细的检查进行鉴别。

回答2:

帕金森和特发性震颤都是慢性运动障碍性疾病,但是在临床表现和检查方面各有不同。帕金森是黑质多巴胺能神经元病变所导致,一般都是单侧起病较多,以静止性震颤为主,一般伴有嗅觉减退、肌强直、步态异常、运动僵硬等症状,还有病人会有小便频繁、便秘、焦虑、抑郁、腹胀、胸闷等情况出现,肌电图提示震颤频率是4-7Hz。特发性震颤患者一般都是双上肢起病为主,以活动性震颤、姿势性震颤等多样震颤形式并存,一般没有肌强直和运动僵硬。步态一般不会有改变。在肌电图检查方面,震颤频率是4-12Hz。

回答3:

特发性震颤的患者没有运动减少,肌张力增加和姿势反射障碍,特发性震颤的患者在饮酒后2~4小时是可以缓解的,但第2天的症状会更加严重,特发性震颤,常有语言的颤抖,但是没有语音下降,服用心得安,安定治疗是比较有效果的,应用多巴胺,以及左旋多巴这些药物是无效的。而帕金森的震颤为静止性的震颤,主动运动时不明显,都是一侧的上肢开始逐渐发展到同侧的下肢,然后对侧的上肢,下肢。在激动以及疲劳时会有所加重,睡眠时会逐渐的消失。

回答4:

特发性震颤和帕金森病是两个完全不同的疾病,其区别在于:1、发病机制:特发性震颤的发病机制目前尚不清楚;帕金森病的发病机制与中脑黑质多巴胺缺乏有关;2、临床表现:特发性震颤主要表现为姿势性震颤和动作性震颤;帕金森病表现为静止性震颤、僵硬和动作缓慢。

回答5:

特发性震颤和帕金森氏两个完全不同的疾病。特发性震颤的病因,现在还不是太清楚,可能有感染、炎症,还有遗传因素等,这是它的病因。帕金森的发病机制现在已经搞清楚了,是中脑黑质神经核团里面的多巴胺细胞减少,所以大脑里面缺乏多巴胺,出现了帕金森的表现,震颤、僵硬、动作缓慢,被称为它的三大主要的运动表现,这是帕金森病的特点。

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