男的光头叫和尚,女的光头叫什么?男主持叫方丈,女主持呢?
女光头叫尼姑?可是你叫人家尼姑,会不会不高兴?有没有别称?
推荐回答(4个)
【和尚】 古印度称师长为Upadhyaya,音译为邬波陀耶或邬波遮耶,省音为乌社、和尚等。意为亲教师、博士等。古又意译为近诵、力生。其义为弟子受业于师,经常近随于师受经诵经,仗师之力而生法身、智慧功德。和尚有两种:一是出家的受业和尚,俗称剃度和尚;二是受比丘戒的坛上和尚,俗称戒和尚或得戒和尚。若接某和尚衣钵法流者亦可称他为法和尚或得法和尚。对女性和尚的称呼与男性和尚相同,只在前冠一“尼“(梵语阴性词缀-ni)称作尼和尚以表女性。现在有称尼僧、尼和尚为尼姑。依据律制,和尚之尊称原本限于僧,到西晋怀帝永嘉四年(310),西域佛图澄来洛阳,深受石勒、石虎敬重,号曰大和尚,这是国王公卿称僧人为和尚之始。唐代有鉴真大和尚、不空大和尚的尊称,是指传戒和传法和尚。汉地佛教丛林(僧团)里的职称有严格规定,全寺僧人称这个大僧团的住持一人为和尚,其余僧人则不能称和尚。和尚任期已满,则称退居和尚,俗称老和尚。由于佛教在中国历史悠久,和尚一词深入民间,一般俗人不知佛教内部的称呼,凡见僧人都一律称作和尚,按其年龄大小称小和尚、大和尚和老和尚。有些乡村地方知其俗姓者,甚至冠以俗姓称某和尚等,这是极不妥当的。 【法师】 指精通佛教教义,又能如法修行,并善于为他人演说教法的僧尼。比如精通经律论三藏的,称三藏法师。就广义讲,佛在世时,许多外道分别论师都在宣讲他们的教义,也被称为法师。佛“十号”中有天人师一号,也就是说,佛是为天人等说法的大法师。佛教经论中,对于法师的资格有其特定的含义,其运用也非常广泛。如《法华经·法师品》说:受持、读、诵、解说、书写共五种法师。《辩中边论》说十种法师。法师又是菩萨的异名,如《瑜伽师地论》和《大乘庄严经论》说:法师(说法者)即菩萨十六种异名之一。在中国佛教史上,一般只对出家僧人尊称为法师。道教受了佛教的影响,道士善于苻箓祈禳诸法术者,亦称为法师,如《唐六典》:“道士修行有三号,其一曰法师,其二曰威仪师,其三曰律师。” 【上人】 (术语)上德之人也。佛家谓内有德智。外有胜行。在人之上。故名上人。晋时称释子多曰道人。至鲍明远始有秋日示休上人诗。能改斋漫录曰:“唐人多以僧为上人,如杜子美已上人茅屋是也。”摩诃般若经曰:“一心行阿耨菩提,心不散乱,是名上人。”十诵律曰:“人有四种:一粗人,二浊人,三中间人,四上人。”释氏要览上曰:“增一经云:夫人处世,有过能自改者名上人,律瓶沙王呼佛弟子为上人。”维摩经问疾品曰:“文殊师利白佛:世尊彼上人者难为酬对。”思益经二曰:“我等今来见佛并网明上人。” 【比丘】 比丘,梵语bhiksu的音译,一般意译为“乞士”,俗称“和尚”。佛家指年满二十岁,受过具足戒的男性出家人。比丘的具足戒共有二百五十条。《大智度论》卷三列举了比丘的五种意译:乞士、破烦恼、出家人、净持戒、怖魔。其中乞士是最常见的意译。隋·吉藏《法华义疏》卷一说:“比丘名为乞士,上从如来乞法以练神,下就俗人乞食以资身。”比丘是佛的弟子,当然要从佛乞法,但为什么要向俗人乞食呢?原因是:比丘出家学法,一般不作治生产业,乞食不但可以省事修道,而且可以破除骄慢之心。《金刚经》载:“(佛)著衣持钵,入舍卫大城乞食,于其城中,次第乞已,还至本处。”释迦牟尼出家时,净饭王派憍陈如等五名亲信随侍。释迦成道以后,这五人在鹿野苑听法出家,是最早的比丘。 【比丘尼】 《魏书·释老志》谓:“比丘为行乞,妇人道者曰比丘尼。”比丘是梵语bhiksuni的音译,意为“乞士女”,佛家指年满二十岁,受过具足戒的女性出家人。比丘尼的具足戒比比丘要多,有三百四十八戒,通常举其大数,号称五百戒。释迦牟尼成道后,在弟子阿难的请求下,允许佛的姨妈大爱道出家,大爱道成了最早的比丘尼。南朝梁·宝唱著《比丘尼传》四卷,收六十五人。比丘尼俗称尼姑,也有称为尼师、师姑的。关于“比丘尼”的意义,可以参阅“比丘”条。 【出家人】 p0481 显扬三卷十三页云:出家人者:谓持出家威仪相貌,弃舍俗境,受持禁戒;如法乞求,清净自活。 【沙弥】 (术语)梵音S/ra%man!era,旧译息慈、息恶、行慈等。息恶行慈之义也。新云室罗摩拏洛迦,室末那伊洛迦等。译勤策男等。以其为大僧勤加策励故也。又云室罗摩尼罗,译曰求寂。以其欲求涅槃之圆寂故也。是男子出家受十戒者之通称。行事钞上一曰:“沙弥是梵语,此云息慈,息其世染,慈济群生。”嘉祥法华义疏八曰:“沙弥,此云息恶行慈,谓息恶行慈。”俱舍光记十四曰:“室罗摩拏洛伽,唐言勤策,谓为苾刍勤加策励,洛是男性,旧云沙弥,讹也。”俱舍颂疏业品二曰:“勤策律仪,勤为大僧之所策励,旧云沙弥。”饰宗记四曰:“唐三藏云:室罗摩拏洛迦,翻为勤策男,勤谓苾刍,勤人所策故也。”寄归传三曰:“室罗末尼罗,译为求寂,言欲求趣涅槃圆寂之处。旧云沙弥者,言略而音讹,翻为息慈,意准而无据也。”玄应音义二十三曰:“梵言室末拏伊洛迦,此云劳之小者也,亦言息慈。谓息恶行慈,义译也。旧言沙弥者讹略也。”日本但剃发有妻子之修行者谓之沙弥。 【式叉摩那尼】 华译为学法女,或正学女,为出家五众之一。凡沙弥尼,欲受具足戒为比丘尼,应于二年间,先学六法,即不杀、不盗、不淫、不虚诳语、不饮酒、不非时食等,过了此二年,若是情况良好,才能正式受具足戒。
对女出家人,也就是比丘尼也要叫师父或者法师,和尚是个尊称。我皈依师是住持僧,我即称之为“大和尚”。女主持也叫主持,也可以称“当家师”。
叫师傅就行了,哈哈女主持叫做师太,哈哈说实话如果你叫男光头“和尚”,人家也不喜欢听
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