这个是什么中药材?

只要回答正确的,可以再加分。
2025-04-03 09:11:29
推荐回答(2个)
回答1:

你这个应该是杜仲树皮
杜仲皮是一种非处方药,属于中药的一种,味平和,可以补肝肾,强筋骨,安胎。主治腰脊酸疼,足膝痿弱,小便余沥,阴下湿痒,胎漏欲堕,胎动不安,高血压。
中老年人肾气不足,腰膝疼痛,腿脚软弱无力,小便余沥者宜食;妇女体质虚弱,肾气不固,胎漏欲堕及习惯性流产者保胎时宜食,小儿麻痹后遗症,小儿行走过迟,两下肢无力者宜食;高血压患者宜食。
功用主治
补肝肾, [1] 强筋骨,安胎。治腰脊酸疼,足膝痿弱,小便余沥,阴下湿痒,胎漏欲堕,胎动不安,高血压。
①《本经》:"主腰脊痛,补中益精气,坚筋骨,强志,除阴下痒湿,小便余沥。"
②《别录》:"主脚中酸痛,不欲践地。"
③《药性论》:"治肾冷臀腰痛,腰病人虚而身强直,风也。腰不利加而用之。"
④《日华子本草》:"治肾劳,腰脊挛。入药炙用。"
⑤王好古:"润肝燥,补肝经风虚。"
⑥《本草正》:"止小水梦遗,暖子宫,安胎气。"
⑦《玉楸药解》:"益肝肾,养筋骨,去关节湿淫。治腰膝酸痛,腿足拘挛。"
⑧《本草再新》:"充筋力,强阳道。"
⑨《中华人民共和国药典》(2010年版一部):“补肝肾,强筋骨,安胎。用于肝肾不足,腰膝酸痛,筋骨无力,头晕目眩,妊娠漏血,胎动不安。”杜仲是名贵滋补药材,其有效成分中除了含有大量已知活性的药用成分外,还含有多种营养物质,营养物质是杜仲保健作用的重要物质基础。

用药宜忌
宜:中老年人肾气不足,腰膝疼痛,腿脚软弱无力,小便余沥者宜食;妇女体质虚弱,肾气不固,胎漏欲堕及习惯性流产者保胎时宜食,小儿麻痹后遗症,小儿行走过迟,两下肢无力者宜食;高血压患者宜食。
忌:杜仲性味平和,补益肝肾,诸无所忌。
阴虚火旺者慎服。
①《本草经集注》:"恶蛇皮、元参。"
②《本草经疏》:"肾虚火炽者不宜用。即用当与黄柏、知母同入。"
③《得配本草》:"内热。精血燥二者禁用。"

各家论述
1.《神农本草经》:主腰脊痛,补中益精气,坚筋骨,强志,除阴下痒湿,小便余沥。
2.《名医别录》:主脚中酸痛,不欲践地。
3.《药性论》:治肾冷臀腰痛,腰病人虚而身强直,风也。腰不利加而用之。
4.《日华子本草》:治肾劳,腰脊挛。入药炙用。
5.王好古:润肝燥,补肝经风虚。
6.《本草正》:止小水梦遗,暖子宫,安胎气。
7.《玉楸药解》:益肝肾,养筋骨,去关节湿淫,治腰膝酸痛,腿足拘挛。
8.《本草再新》:充筋力,强阳道。
9.《本草纲目》:杜仲,古方只知滋肾,惟王好古言是肝经气分药,润肝燥,补肝虚,发昔人所未发也。盖肝主筋,肾主骨,肾充则骨强,肝充则筋健,屈伸利用,皆属于筋。杜仲色紫而润,味甘微辛,其气温平,甘温能补,微辛能润,故能入肝而补肾,子能令母实也。按庞元英《谈薮》:一少年得脚软病,且疼甚,医作脚气治不效。路钤孙琳诊之,用杜仲一味,寸断片折,每以一两,用半酒半水一大盏煎服,三日能行,又三日痊愈。琳曰,此乃肾虚,非脚气也,杜仲能治腰膝痛,以酒行之,则为效容易矣。
10.李中梓:杜仲,虽温而不助火。
11.《本草经疏》:杜仲,按《本经》所主腰脊痛,益精气,坚筋骨,脚中酸痛,不欲践地者,盖腰为肾之府,经曰,动摇不能,肾将惫矣。又肾藏精而主骨,肝藏血而主筋,二经虚,则腰脊痛而精气乏,筋骨软而脚不能践地也。《五脏苦欲补泻》云,肾苦燥,急食辛以润之,肝苦急,急食甘以缓之。杜仲辛甘具足,正能解肝肾之所苦,而补其不足者也。强志者,肾藏志,益肾故也。除阴下痒湿,小便余沥者,祛肾家之湿热也。益肾补肝,则精血自足,其主补中者,肝肾在下,脏中之阴也,阴足则中亦补矣。
12.《本草汇言》:方氏《直指》云:凡下焦之虚,非杜仲不补;下焦之湿,非杜仲不利;足胫之酸,非杜仲不去;腰膝之疼,非杜仲不除。然色紫而燥,质绵而韧,气温而补,补肝益肾,诚为要剂。如肝肾阳虚而有风湿病者,以盐酒浸炙,为效甚捷;如肝肾阴虚,而无风湿病,乃因精乏髓枯,血燥液干而成痿痹,成伛偻,以致俯仰屈伸不用者,又忌用之。
13.《药品化义》:杜仲,沉下入肾,盖肾欲坚,以苦坚之,用此坚肾气,强壮筋骨,主治腰脊酸疼,脚膝行痛,阴下湿痒,小便余沥。东垣云功效如神应,良不爽也。牛膝主下部分,杜仲主下部气分,相须而用。
14.《本草求真》:杜仲,入肝而补肾,子能令母实也,且性辛温,能除阴痒,去囊湿,痿痹瘫软必需,脚气疼痛必用,胎滑梦遗切要。若使遗精有痛,用此益见精脱不已,以其气味辛温,能助肝肾旺气也。胎因气虚而血不固,用此益见血脱不止,以其气不上升,反引下降也。功与牛膝、地黄、续断相佐而成,但杜仲性补肝肾,直达下部筋骨气血,不似牛膝达下,走于经络血分之中,熟地滋补肝肾,竟入筋骨精髓之内,续断调补筋骨,在于曲节气血之间为异耳。独怪今世安胎,不审气有虚实,辄以杜仲、牛膝、续断等药,引血下行。在肾经虚寒者,固可用此温补以固胎元。若气陷不升,血随气脱而胎不固者,用此则气益陷不升,其血必致愈脱不已。

选方
①治腰痛:杜仲一斤,五味子半升。二物切,分十四剂,每夜取一剂,以水一升,浸至五更,煎三分减一,滤取汁,以羊肾三、四枚,切下之,再煮三、五沸,如作羹法,空服顿服。用盐、醋和之亦得。(《箧中方》)
②治腰痛:川木香一钱,八角茴香三钱,杜仲(炒去丝)三钱。水一钟,酒半钟,煎服,渣再煎。(《活人心统》思仙散)
③治卒腰痛不可忍:杜仲二两(去粗皮,炙微黄,锉),丹参二两,芎藭一两半,桂心一两,细辛三分。上药捣粗罗为散,每服四钱,以水一中盏,煎至五分,去滓,次入酒二分,更煎三、两沸,每于食前温服。(《圣惠方》杜仲散)
④治中风筋脉挛急,腰膝无力:杜仲(去粗皮,炙,锉)一两半,芎藭一两,附子(炮裂,去皮。脐)半两;上三味,锉如麻豆,每服五钱匕,水二盏,入生姜一枣大,拍碎,煎至一盏,去滓,空心温服。如人行五里再服,汗出慎外风。(《圣济总录》杜仲饮)
⑤治小便余沥,阴下湿痒:川杜仲四两,小茴香二两(俱盐、酒浸炒),车前子一两五钱,山茱萸肉三两(俱炒)。共为末;炼蜜丸,梧桐子大。每早服五钱,白汤下。(《本草汇言》)
⑥治妇人胞胎不安:杜仲不计多少,去粗皮细锉,瓦上焙干,捣罗为末,煮枣肉糊丸,如弹子大,每服一丸,嚼烂,糯米汤下。(《圣济总录》杜仲丸)
⑦治频惯堕胎或三、四月即堕者:于两月前,以杜仲八两(糯米煎汤,浸透,炒去丝),续断二两(酒浸,焙干;为末),以山药五,六两为末,作糊丸,梧子大。每服五十丸,空心米饮下。(《简便单方》)
⑧治高血压:一杜仲、夏枯草各五钱,红牛膝三钱,水芹菜三两,鱼鳅串一两。煨水服,一日三次。(《贵州草药》)二杜仲、黄芩、夏枯草各五钱。水煎服。(《陕西中草药》)
⑨原发性坐骨神经痛:杜仲30克,猪腰1对。用时将猪腰剖开,除去白色的筋膜,加冷水800毫升,以猪腰煮熟为度,除去杜仲,乘温服食猪腰及药汁,连服7~10剂。
⑩肾炎:用猪腰1个,杜仲30克,研末,装人除去白色的筋膜的猪腰内炖熟,食肉服汤,每日1剂,治急性肾炎。亦可用杜仲、海金沙、仙茅、双肾草各15克,水煎服,每日1剂,治慢性肾炎。

回答2:

这是椿根皮,就是臭椿树的根皮,不贵,一公斤才10来块钱。

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