惟商鞅变法不顾人言,骤至富强,亦以召怨天下……虽得天下,旋踵灭亡什么意思
推荐回答(5个)
大意是:战国时代各诸侯国纷纷变法求强,唯独商鞅主持的变法丝毫不顾及人情世故。这样的做法虽然使秦国在短短二、三十年里就骤然变得国富民强,但也因在推行法制的过程中丝毫不考虑人情世故,量刑太严太重,尤其是剥夺了诸多王公贵胄的利益,使变法积怨过深。虽然秦国因为变法而富强,一统天下,但并不能长久,转眼间就亡国了。
旋踵而亡的意思是一转身就亡了,形容灭亡的很快。
苏轼的时代是被儒家思想统治的,他认为商鞅大刀阔斧,不顾及人情世故,不考虑贵族利益,更没有推行仁政的变法太严太过最终导致失败。但是他没有认识到战国时代是大争时代,奴隶制因为生产力的发展亟待废除,各诸侯国之间又是虎视眈眈,尔虞我诈,稍一变弱即被列强侵入,各国强弱变化非常快,任何一国,尤其是地处西域、积贫积弱,且被排除在中原诸侯国之外的秦国,根本没有推行仁政,缓慢变法的时间,唯有快刀斩乱麻,大刀阔斧地推行改革才能救秦国,否则秦国别说一统天下,就是连自保都不能。
从狭隘的观点看,秦国变法是失败的,如苏轼所说。因为秦国即使一统天下还是很快灭亡了嘛。但这是苏轼从君君臣臣的封建伦理关系,从只看秦国王族——赢氏的统治地位来看的。其实秦国的变法虽然没保住秦国旧世族的地位长久,但即使秦国不变法,秦国旧世族的地位还是保不住。
我们应该从宏观的角度来看。秦国虽然一统天下后灭亡了,但是秦国推行商鞅变法,从而一统天下,为中国的统一和发展做出了突出的贡献:
一是使得中国从列国割据、互相征伐的时代变为统一的国家,凝聚了华夏民族;
二是废除了已不合乎当时生产力发展的奴隶制,建立了适合当时生产力的封建制,顺应了历史发展趋势,解放了生产力;
三是废除了原来的十几种文字、度量衡等体制、习惯的不便,书同文、车同轨,一举废除了发展经济、政治、文化的障碍;
四是扫除了政治、经济隔阂,一统天下,即便秦朝亡了,还是为之后的汉朝的大发展(文景之治)奠定了坚定的基础。
总之,商鞅变法的历史意义是正面的、积极的,应当给予充分的肯定。没有商鞅变法,就没有秦王扫六合,天下归一的壮阔,就没有汉朝的顺利建立,没有后来驱逐匈奴,促使汉族形成和发展的历史机遇,没有中国现在的广阔疆域。
只有秦国排除众异实行商鞅变法,秦国非常快的富强起来,但是也惹来天下人的怨恨。虽然得到了天下,但是很快就灭亡了。 大意是这样,没有原文,可能一些地方理解的不是十分准确
商鞅强行推行法家治国,得罪了权贵,等权贵变得富强了,回过头来过河拆桥杀了商鞅.同理:秦国强行推行法家治国,瞬间强大。得罪了六国,等秦灭了六国,回过头来过河拆桥限制法家,加大皇权的时候六国之民顺应天命灭了秦国
商鞅变法虽然使秦国富强但召怨天下,得罪了天下人,既所谓失民心。
商鞅变法虽然让秦国变强但他的 变法措施 刑法严峻 文化高压 也为秦王朝的灭亡埋下了隐患
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