我想问 清朝嘉庆比较喜欢孝淑睿皇后 还是孝和睿皇后 还有孝全皇后 是被 孝和睿皇后赐死么
推荐回答(5个)
后是皇帝的配偶,但皇后的内涵却不仅仅限于“帝妻”一层,因此,册立皇后之礼一向都被列入历朝典章,成为朝廷大典。清代也不例外,“册后之礼”赫然列在《大清会典》第11项嘉礼。清朝自太祖努尔哈赤至德宗载湉11帝,共有28位帝妻得到过皇后的称号。〖1〗不过,同为皇后,差别却很大,有的是经大婚册立的嫡皇后,有的是死后才追谥的皇后;有的4后同属1位皇帝,有的却仅1后属l帝;有的皇后属同宗同族,有的与其他任何1位皇后都无家族联系。本文拟通过考察她们册立的途径、礼仪、原因以及她们与皇帝个人、朝中政治集团的关系等等,探明皇后内涵中超出“帝妻”的内容以及清代立后与八旗大姓氏族之间的关系。
一、立后的途径清代28位皇后,因所属皇帝的状况及其自身的差别,乃是经由不同的方式戴上后冠的。大致可分为册立的嫡后、继后与追谥的皇后几类,而每一类中又各有差别。
(一)册立的嫡后在宗法社会的一夫多妻制中,正妻被称为“嫡”。清代嫡皇后是通过冲龄皇帝大婚或成年皇子即帝位后册立当年嫡妃而被确认的。经大婚礼册立的嫡皇后有5位,即顺治废后博尔济吉特氏、顺治孝惠后博尔济吉特氏、康熙孝诚后赫舍里氏、同治孝哲后阿鲁特氏、光绪孝定后叶赫纳拉氏。成年皇子继帝位后册立当年嫡妃为嫡皇后的有3位:雍正之孝敬后乌拉纳拉氏、乾隆之孝贤后富察氏、嘉庆之孝淑后喜塔拉氏。清帝嫡后中,还有一位既非大婚而立,又非由嫡妃而立,那就是后金时期册立的第一位中宫,太宗皇太极之孝端后博尔济吉特氏。不过,她在世时仅称清宁中宫,死后才称孝端文皇后。
(二)继立的皇后清代嫡后除极个别的死于皇帝身后(如皇太极的孝端后),大都先于皇帝离世。无论从礼制上还是皇帝个人情感上,中宫都不应虚位久缺。嫡皇后死去,就有继立的问题。在这种情况下被册立为后的有7位:康熙孝昭后钮祜禄氏和孝懿后佟佳氏、乾隆继后乌拉纳拉氏、嘉庆孝和后钮祜禄氏、道光孝慎后佟佳氏和孝全后钮祜禄氏、咸丰孝贞后钮祜禄氏。
(三)追谥的皇后在清代皇帝中,除道光、咸丰二帝为嫡后与继后所生外,其余全部出自先皇帝妃嫔或先皇帝为皇子时之王妃。嗣皇帝在其生母死后,通过上谥号的方式给生母以先帝皇后的名份,既是传统礼制,也是现实需求。母以子贵得到皇后之称的共7位:皇太极母孝慈后叶赫纳拉氏、顺治母孝庄后博尔济吉特氏、康熙母孝康后佟佳氏、雍正母孝恭后吴雅氏、乾隆母孝圣后钮祜禄氏、嘉庆母孝仪后魏佳氏、同治母孝钦后叶赫纳拉氏。
以上谥号追立皇后这一方式,清代不止施用在嗣皇帝的生母身上,在特殊的情况下,另有5位帝妃也是由此法被追谥为皇后的:太祖大妃乌拉纳拉氏被追谥为武烈皇后、顺治皇贵妃董鄂氏被追谥为孝献皇后、道光皇贵妃博尔济吉特氏被追谥为孝静皇后。在一般情况下,成年皇子继帝位后,均以自己最初的嫡妃为皇后,但道光与咸丰二帝为皇子时的嫡妃在他们即帝位前都已逝去。尽管人去楼空,成例却不可违反,道光帝即位之初,仍追谥嫡妃钮祜禄氏为孝穆皇后,咸丰帝即位后,也追谥嫡妃萨克达氏为孝德皇后。
应该是孝淑睿皇后,唯一与嘉庆皇帝合葬的女人,她也是嘉庆帝的第一任皇后,她的儿子是后来的道光皇帝,是清朝唯一以嫡长子身份继承皇位的皇帝。
应该是孝淑皇后 因为孝淑皇后临终时 嘉庆没能在她身边 。嘉庆一直对她有愧疚之情
古人是的事情,现在谁能说的清楚,再说了清朝的历史有很多都是有虚假的成分在里面的
孝淑睿皇后
淑睿皇后,喜塔腊氏,是清朝唯一生育皇帝的嫡皇后,也是在位时间最短的皇后。她是嘉庆皇帝的元配妻子,是道光皇帝的生母,备受公公乾隆皇帝青睐,在她生前亲自将其指婚给秘立的皇位继承人,在她逝后亲自赐谥“孝淑”。电视剧《我的野蛮婆婆》中的皇后原型即是这位短寿的贤后。
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