推荐回答(1个)
AGM-65A:在使用电视型AGM-65A时,飞行员操纵飞机在152~244米的高度上,搜索10~15秒,跟踪4~8秒,发现并截获目标后,使目标处在瞄准十字线中央,选择要发射的导弹,使其陀螺开锁并抛掉头罩,其摄像机即向飞机座舱内的电视监视器传送飞机前方的全景实时视频图像。飞行员将电视监视器的十字线对准目标图像,使导引头锁定目标后即可发射导弹,必要时载机能以最大俯冲角为60°发射导弹,发射后载机即可实施机动或再次发射导弹。载机处在敌防空火力区的时间为10~15秒。
AGM-65B:在使用电视型AGM-65B时,其显示目标与A型不同,目标图像处于电视监视器上由4个点组成的正方形光环中央,瞄准十字线出现在摄像机镜头所处的的某个位置,代表目标偏离飞机中轴线的方位角,若该偏离角太大或目标太小时,瞄准十字线和显示器角落的符号闪亮,飞行员操纵飞机使导弹瞄准目标,当显示器左上角出现1个实心正方形符号时,表明导引头锁定该目标即可发射导弹。
AGM-65E:在使用半主动激光型AGM-65E时,需依靠空中或地面上的激光照射器照射目标,并由飞行员向选定导弹输入与激光照射器相匹配的密码,显示器上的一字线停止闪亮。接近目标区时飞行员按下触发器按钮,使选定的导弹处于待发状态,按下旋转指令按钮,使导引头位标器向下转到相应的飞机俯冲角位置,松开旋转指令按钮使导引头按设定的角度自动进行方位扫描,搜索载机前方约16千米范围的目标。一旦探测到有关的编码信号,显示器上显示出综合视频信号,导引头就自动锁定和跟踪目标,显示器上的X形标志就变为实心正方形,无需飞行员目视识别目标,飞行员操纵飞机使该正方形处在虚线圆内,按下发射按钮,发射导弹。
激光照射器必须继续照射目标,直到导弹命中为止。导弹发射距离随反射到导引头的激光能量而定,显示器上的数码与所用激光照射器相对应,且字母“S”和“C”分别表示导引头处于受控状态和抗干扰状态。
AGM-65D/F/G:在使用红外成像型AGM-65D/F/G时,飞行员操纵飞机使导引头瞄准目标区,在较远的距离上发现并锁定目标,在座舱内的电视监视器上显示该目标图像,使瞄准方框套住目标,即可发射导弹,导引头采用定心跟踪原理,控制导弹飞向目标为中心的区域,而无需载机控制,导弹可改变航向,跟踪攻击活动目标,必要时可连续发射攻击目标。
该弹采用正常式气动外形布局,4片后掠三角形弹翼位于弹体中、后部,十字形尾舵位于弹体尾部,圆柱形弹体由4块1/4圆弧的弯板铆接而成,弹体内部采用舱段式结构,分为前段、中段和后段3个舱段,前舱段装制导与控制电子设备,中舱段为弹体结构部分,后舱段为飞行控制部分。
各型号导弹的气动外形布局相同,使用同一种弹体结构、自动驾驶仪和控制系统,各型号的区别在于导引头:A/B型采用电视导引头,装在弹体的前部,内有电视摄像机和电子系统。为保护光电器件,在镜头和光电摄像机之间涂有保护层,在镜头上方装有光敏元件。C/E型采用半主动激光导引头,D/F/G型采用红外成像导引头,H型采用主动毫米波雷达导引头。
动力装置均采用1台双推力固体燃料火箭发动机,但型号不同:A/B/C型采用的是SR109-TC-1两级推力固体火箭发动机。D型采用的是TX-481两级推力少烟固体火箭发动机,其长为1.02米,直径280毫米,重47千克,助推段推力4450公称直径,巡航段推力968公称直径,E/F型采用TX-633两级推力无烟固体火箭发动机,其性能比TX-481有所改进。该系列导弹采用两种战斗部与引信:A/B/D型采用前端点火聚能装药喷流与爆破型战斗部,总重58.7千克,装药重37.6千克,装触发引信。C/E/F型采用MK19钢制穿甲爆破杀伤战斗部,总重136千克,装触发或延时引信。
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