推荐回答（1个）
秦汉时期是我国封建社会最早的大一统时期,统一的时间长、范围广,这为交通工具的开拓与发展带来了空前的机遇。这一时期，车子有了很大发展和变化，独辕车逐渐减少，双辕车有了大发展。
从西汉开始，进入双辕车大发展时期，东汉以后，双辕车便基本上取代了独辕车，车的种类增多，出现了独轮车和改进的指南车。
双辕车的出现，改变了独辕车至少系驾两马方能行走的局限，使单马拉车成为了可能，从而使我国古代的车由驷马高车进入了单马轻车的发展新阶段。
迄今世界上最早的双辕车模型，是在秦人墓葬中出土的。秦代双辕车只需一个牲口驾辕，系驾大为简化，也更容易驾驭。双辕车的结构，除辕变为两根外，其他各部位与独辕车基本相同。双辕开始仍为上扬曲身的形式，为防止车辕折断，往往在车辕中部到轭軥之间加缚两根木杆，以加固车辕，后来逐渐演变为平直的形式。
至汉代，双辕马车因乘坐者的地位高低和用途不同，细分为若干种类，主要有斧车、轺车、施轓车、轩车、軿车、辎车、栈车等。
汉代马车的种类复杂、名目繁多，除上述几种车外，见于记载的还有皇帝乘坐的辂车和金根车。据《续汉书·舆服志》描写，金根车上有“鸾鸟立衡”、“羽盖华蚤”。
高级官吏乘轩车，这是两侧有障蔽的车。一般官吏乘“轺车”。贵族妇女乘坐辎车，车厢像一间小屋子似的。此外，还有许多供某一特定目的而制作的专用车辆类型。
汉代交通发达，除乘人的马车以外，载货运输的牛车数量也大量增加。牛车自商部落时就有，因牛能负重但速度慢，所以牛车多用以载物。其车厢宽大，又称“大车”、“方厢车”。牛车最初是做生意的人用来载货贩运的运输车，商部落首领王亥就曾经赶着牛车做生意。古代我国以农业为立国之本，自古重农轻商。所以，大小奴隶主贵族死后，随葬品只用马车，而绝对不用牛车。
汉代车舆制度曾明确规定：“贾人不得乘马车”，所以牛车在汉代就成为商人们运货载人的主要交通工具了，不少富商大贾拥有成百上千辆的牛车。
汉以后，人们坐车不求快速，但求安稳，直辕的优点渐渐显出，直辕车也开始盛行，而曲车渐被淘汰。汉代牛车也采用直辕形式，它支点较低，在平地上行车时远比曲辕的马车平稳安全，而且制作时可选用较粗大的木材，提高了车辕的坚固性，而无需像马车那样附设加固杆。
无论是乘人的马车还是载物的牛车，皆必须在较宽敞的道路上行驶，而不适于在乡村田野、崎岖小路和山峦丘陵起伏地区使用。因此在东汉和三国时期出现了独轮车，这是一种既经济又实用的交通运输工具，在交通史上是一项重要的发明。
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