A*算法用于路径规划,有什么缺点?

2025-02-22 09:04:01
推荐回答(3个)
回答1:

缺点:A*算法通过比较当前路径栅格的8个邻居的启发式函数值F来逐步确定下一个路径栅格,当存在多个最小值时A*算法不能保证搜索的路径最优。
A*算法;A*(A-Star)算法是一种静态路网中求解最短路径最有效的直接搜索方法。估价值与实际值越接近,估价函数取得就越好。A*[1] (A-Star)算法是一种静态路网中求解最短路最有效的直接搜索方法。注意是最有效的直接搜索算法。之后涌现了很多预处理算法(ALT,CH,HL等等),在线查询效率是A*算法的数千甚至上万倍。公式表示为: f(n)=g(n)+h(n),其中 f(n) 是从初始点经由节点n到目标点的估价函数,g(n) 是在状态空间中从初始节点到n节点的实际代价,h(n) 是从n到目标节点最佳路径的估计代价。保证找到最短路径(最优解的)条件,关键在于估价函数f(n)的选取:估价值h(n)<= n到目标节点的距离实际值,这种情况下,搜索的点数多,搜索范围大,效率低。但能得到最优解。并且如果h(n)=d(n),即距离估计h(n)等于最短距离,那么搜索将严格沿着最短路径进行, 此时的搜索效率是最高的。如果 估价值>实际值,搜索的点数少,搜索范围小,效率高,但不能保证得到最优解。

回答2:

A*算法通过比较当前路径栅格的8个邻居的启发式函数值F来逐步确定下一个路径栅格,当存在多个最小值时A*算法不能保证搜索的路径最优。

回答3:

目标点不可达时会造成大量性能消耗

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