推荐回答(4个)
《国风·魏风·硕鼠》代表着诗人的劳动阶层美好的生活憧憬,也是他们在长期生活和斗争中所产生的社会理想,更标志着他们新的觉醒。
原诗:
《国风·魏风·硕鼠》
先秦:佚名
硕鼠硕鼠,无食我黍!三岁贯女,莫我肯顾。逝将去女,适彼乐土。乐土乐土,爰得我所。
硕鼠硕鼠,无食我麦!三岁贯女,莫我肯德。逝将去女,适彼乐国。乐国乐国,爰得我直。
硕鼠硕鼠,无食我苗!三岁贯女,莫我肯劳。逝将去女,适彼乐郊。乐郊乐郊,谁之永号?(女 通 汝)
释义:
大田鼠呀大田鼠,不许吃我种的黍!多年辛勤伺候你,你却对我不照顾。发誓定要摆脱你,去那乐土有幸福。那乐土啊那乐土,才是我的好去处!
大田鼠呀大田鼠,不许吃我种的麦!多年辛勤伺候你,你却对我不优待。发誓定要摆脱你,去那乐国有仁爱。那乐国啊那乐国,才是我的好所在!
大田鼠呀大田鼠,不许吃我种的苗!多年辛勤伺候你,你却对我不慰劳!发誓定要摆脱你,去那乐郊有欢笑。那乐郊啊那乐郊,谁还悲叹长呼号!

扩展资料
创作背景:
这是一首古今公认的控诉剥削者的诗歌,但对控诉的具体对象稍有分歧。自从人类进入阶级社会以后,被剥削阶级反剥削斗争就没有停止过。奴隶社会,逃亡是奴隶反抗的主要形式。
经西周到东周春秋时代,随着奴隶制衰落,奴隶更由逃亡发展到聚众斗争,如《左传》所载就有郑国“萑苻之盗”和陈国筑城者的反抗。《魏风·硕鼠》一诗就是在这一历史背景下产生的。
赏析:
《硕鼠》全诗三章,意思相同。三章都以“硕鼠硕鼠”开头,直呼奴隶主剥削阶级为贪婪可憎的大老鼠、肥老鼠,并以命令的语气发出警告:“无食我黍(麦、苗)!”老鼠形象丑陋又狡黠,性喜窃食,借来比拟贪婪的剥削者十分恰当,也表现诗人对其愤恨之情。
三四句进一步揭露剥削者贪得无厌而寡恩:“三岁贯女,莫我肯顾(德、劳)。”诗中以“汝”、“我”对照:“我”多年养活“汝”,“汝”却不肯给“我”照顾,给予恩惠,甚至连一点安慰也没有,从中揭示了“汝”、“我”关系的对立。
这里所说的“汝”、“我”,都不是单个的人,应扩大为“你们”、“我们”,所代表的是一个群体或一个阶层,提出的是谁养活谁的大问题。
后四句更以雷霆万钧之力喊出了他们的心声:“逝将去女,适彼乐土;乐土乐土,爰得我所!”诗人既认识到“汝我”关系的对立,便公开宣布“逝将去女”,决计采取反抗,不再养活“汝”。一个“逝”字表现了诗人决断的态度和坚定决心。
尽管他们要寻找的安居乐业、不受剥削的人间乐土,只是一种幻想,现实社会中是不存在的,但却代表着他们美好的生活憧憬,也是他们在长期生活和斗争中所产生的社会理想,更标志着他们新的觉醒。正是这一美好的生活理想,启发和鼓舞着后世劳动人民为挣脱压迫和剥削不断斗争。
表达了一种向往、追求没有剥削、压迫的人间“乐土”的社会理想。
《国风·魏风·硕鼠》是中国古代现实主义诗集《诗经》中的一篇。
这首诗的主旨古今看法分歧不大,古人多认为“刺重敛”,今人多认为是反对剥削,向往乐土的。
全诗三章,每章八句,纯用比体,以硕鼠喻剥削者,比喻精当,寓意较直。
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