咏物言志诗的主要思想和情感是神马~~~~~~最后一个了！亲们，加油告诉我吧！
推荐回答（1个）
咏物言志诗是通过对独特的事物的赞赏，来表达自己的精神品质或理想。鉴赏可从以下几方面入手：
1、把握所咏之物的特点
既然是咏物诗，当然要写所咏之物的形态、色泽、特征，追求贴切逼真，但如果仅仅是客观的描摹，满足于形似，那也不是一首好的咏物诗。也就是说，不但要形似，而且要神似。
如“本以高难饱，徒劳恨费声。五更疏欲断，一树碧无情。薄宦梗犹泛（行踪漂泊不定），故园芜已平。烦君最相警，我亦举家清。”（李商隐《蝉》）这是一首咏物诗，以蝉喻作者自己。前四句写蝉的艰难处境：由于自命高洁，总是食不果腹；虽然竭尽全力地叫，也是白费精神，得不到同情。这实际是说诗人自己。下面四句则直抒胸臆。三联上句说自己官位低微，无所归依；下句说田园都荒芜了，还做这个官干什么呢？透出要辞官归隐的心意。尾联又把自己的命运和蝉联系起来，从蝉的叫声得到警示，醒悟到自己和蝉一样清苦。作者是怀着崇敬和同情的心情写蝉的，用蝉来警戒自己，要像蝉那样保持清高和廉洁，即使政治环境恶劣，也永远不变初衷。
2、体悟诗人在描摹事物中所寄托的感情
陶渊明咏菊，抒写自己悠闲适、不慕富贵的心境；陆游咏梅，表明自己为媚于俗、坚守正义的气节。由于作者的经历遭际、情趣爱好以至观察角度的不同，即使写同一事物，他们也往往会有不同的感受，表达出不同的感情来。当然不是所有的咏物诗都含有诗人明确意识的寄托。但是一首优秀的咏物诗，总是以其生动的形象和强烈的美感吸引读者，而且有意无意地透过所咏之物，或流露诗人的人生态度，或寄寓美好的理解，或隐含生活的道理。这就是我们在读解时要细加领悟的。
如“花枝草蔓眼中开，小白长红越女腮。可怜日暮嫣香落，嫁与东风不用媒。”（李贺《南国十三首》）这是李贺辞官回乡居住在昌谷家中所作。诗中第一、二句是写新花开，三、四句则写暮春花落，通篇把花人格化。花开时像越女那双水灵灵的眼神和那副白里透红的漂亮的脸蛋，美不胜收。可是好景不长，一到日暮（暮春）百花凋零，落红满径。“可怜”乃惜花伤春之情，也是诗人自伤自悼之词。末句则用拟人的手法写落花身不由已的时候的状态。从表面上看“嫁与东风”是自愿，“不用媒”证明了这一点。其实娇花又何尝愿意离开枝头。“嫁与东风”虽“不用媒”，仍是不自主的事情。花盛开时未嫁，而花凋零时始嫁，则培增惆怅。其实，这是一种悲剧的气氛，却从欣喜的情调来写它。似乎反常，又合乎诗中旨趣之道。联系诗人当时的境况，诗人才不过二十多岁，正当风华正茂，却不被当局所用，怀才不遇，自生自灭，不胜悲凄。细味此情，便知诗人写此诗的良苦用心。
3、分析咏物诗的写作技巧
咏物诗的写作技巧或拟人，或比喻，或正面描写，或侧面烘托等。
（二）例：小松 杜荀鹤
自小刺头深草里，而今渐觉出蓬蒿。时人不识凌云木，直待凌云始道高。
[解说]：咏物言志诗先要看清所赞扬的“物”有什么特点，其次再分析作者所赞扬的精神和品质。本诗是说，松树在小的时候没有引起人的重视，直到高耸入云，人们才说它高。可以想道作者是以“小松”自喻。
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