“暗物质”与“反物质”有什么区别

2025-02-28 02:32:02
推荐回答(2个)
回答1:

从理论上讲,暗物质和反物质都是物理学的理论假设,是为了解释宇宙中某种现象而成立的。并未在宇宙中发现其真正的存在。反物质是由反原子构成的,反原子又由反质子、反中子和反电子构成。有科学家提出反物质是宇宙大爆炸初期的产物,但可能由于宇宙膨胀而“凐灭”--因为反物质和物质相遇就会凐灭。
暗物质是宇宙中90%以上的物质(能量)。我们不能直接观测到它。但是它却能干扰星体发出的光波或引力,其存在能被明显地感受到。暗物质本身性质还是个谜。暗物质密度要大于普通物质。总质量是普通物质6倍多。在宇宙能量密度中占了1/4.暗物质和阿能量相似,暗能量和暗物质的唯一共同点是它们既不发光也不吸收光。从微观上讲,它们的组成是完全不同的。而且,暗能量是引力自相斥的。暗物质是引力自吸引的。这是个不同点。
以上我只是简单的讲了一下两者区别,如果问两者联系,我认为,反物质和暗物质都有着很大能量,但很难利用。另一点是:他们都是宇宙大爆炸的初期产物,并且至今他俺们都是宇宙重要组成部分。
反物质可以“湮灭”
暗物质没有这种现象。

回答2:

没有任何关系

所谓的反物质,是相对于普通物质而言。
普通的物质,原子核带正电,电子带负电;而反物质正好相反,是原子核带负电,电子带正电。
因为电荷的不同,所以当正物质与反物质接触时 ,会湮灭--------即正反物质完全转换为能量。(质能方程E=MC^2),

理论上来说,本宇宙自然环境中,应该不存在反物质了,因为哪怕在宇宙接近真空的环境中,反物质都会被游离粒子湮灭。

所谓暗物质,指无法与电磁波耦合(即无法被观测到)但是拥有质量的正物质。
暗物质:天文学家发现宇宙间星系不正常的聚集,聚集密度不符合万有引力的推算,于是认为,应该有一种无法观测到的物质(有质量而无法与电磁波耦合)在帮助星系互相吸引,并将这种臆测出来的物质命名为暗物质。

最后,暗物质是否存在,依然存疑。前一段时间,欧美科学家用了很多钱和很多时间,建造了一个巨大的装置捕捉暗物质粒子,结果什么都没有捕捉到。

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