某企业只生产和销售A产品,固定成本为10000元,单位变动成本为3元,企业2006年A产品的销售量为10000件,每
推荐回答(3个)
经营杠杆系数=(销售收入-变动成本)/(销售收入-变动成本-固定成本),其中由于销售收入-变动成本-固定成本即为息税前利润(EBIT),因此又有经营杠杆系数(DOL)=(息税前利润EBIT+固定成本)/ 息税前利润EBIT=(EBIT+F)/EBIT=M/(M-F)。
在公司总体规模不变的情况下,公司的固定成本F(如固定资产规模、运营成本)是不变的,公司的最终目标是实现利润,在规模经济等条件不变的情况下,而销量Q一定程度的变动引起息税前利润(EBIT)更大程度的变动。

扩展资料:
注意事项:
在销售收入一定的情况下,影响经营杠杆的因素主要是固定成本和变动成本的金额。固定成本加大或变动成本变小都会引起经营杠杆系数增加。
在固定成本一定的情况下,公司应采取多种方式增加销售额,这样利润就会以经营杠杆系数的倍数增加,从而赢得正杠杆利益。否则一旦销售额减少时,利润会下降的更快,形成负杠杆利益。
在市场繁荣业务增长很快时,公司可通过增加固定成本投入或减少变动成本支出来提高经营杠杆系数,以充分发挥正杠杆利益用途。
在市场衰退业务不振时,公司应尽量压缩开发费用,广告费用,市场营销费,职工培训费等酌量性固定成本的开支,以减少固定成本的比重,降低经营杠杆系数,降低经营风险,避免负杠杆利益。
参考资料来源:百度百科-经营杠杆系数
参考资料来源:百度百科-固定成本
参考资料来源:百度百科-单位变动成本
1.
利润=销售收入-固定成本-变动成本
10000=1000*80-固定成本-50*1000
固定成本=3
2.
利润k=(产品单价-单位变动成本)*销售量-固定成本=30*n-3
当n=1,k=27
当n=2,k=57
.......
可见,销售量的变化对利润影响非常地大,即灵敏度高
3.
当利润=销售收入-固定成本-变动成本,预计利润=1000*(1+10%)*80-3-50*1000(1+10%)=32997
经营杠杆系数:是企业计算息税前的盈余变动率与销售量变动率之间的比率。经营杠杆的大小一般用经营杠杆系数表示。
计算公式:dol=(△ebit/ebit)÷(△q/q)
式中:dol——经营杠杆系数
△ebit——息税前盈余变动额(息税前利润变动额)
ebit——变动前息前税前盈余
(基期息税前利润)
△q——销售变动量
q——变动前销售量
(基期销售量
)
本公式是一个定义性公式,说明经营杠杆反映了销售量与息税前利润之间的关系。必须注意,dol是一个倍数,说明销售量每变动1%,息税前利润变动的倍数。
dolq=q×(p-v)/[q×(p-v)-f]
式中:dolq——销售量为q时的经营杠杆系数;
p——产品单位销售价格
v——产品单位变动成本
f——总固定成本(是不含利息的固定成本)
所以,经营杠杆系数=1000*1.1*(80-50)/(1000*1.1-30-3)=33000/1067=30.9
4.如果下期目标利润比本年增长百分之十五,计算确保目标利润实现时的单价变动额。
利润k=(产品单价-单位变动成本)*销售量-固定成本=30*n-3
10000*1.15=(产品单价-50)*1000-3
产品单价=61.5
5
如果下期变动成本降低百分之三其他因素不变,计算对利润的影响程度。即变动成本=50*97%=48.5
利润k1=(产品单价-单位变动成本)*销售量-固定成本=31.5*n-3=31.5*1000-3=31497
利润k0=(产品单价-单位变动成本)*销售量-固定成本=30*n-3=30*1000-3=29997
利润增加率=(k1-k0)/k0=5%
即变动成本降低百分之三,则同样销售量,利润增加率为5%
边际贡献总额=10000*(5-3)=20000
息税前利润=20000-10000=10000
经营杠杆系数=(销售收入-变动成本)/(销售收入-变动成本-固定成本)=边际贡献/息税前利润=20000/10000=2
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