英国距离南极那么远,为什么要去争大陆架?那边有属于它的殖民地吗?或者岛屿?
推荐回答(4个)
阿根廷称之为马尔维纳斯群岛,英国称之为福兰克群岛的一群岛屿
在南大西洋,靠近阿根廷东南沿海海区,人们可以找到阿根廷称之为马尔维纳斯群岛,英国称之为福兰克群岛的一群岛屿。这群岛屿人们习惯简称之为马岛。马岛除东部的索莱达岛和西部的大马尔维纳斯岛有大约2000人居住外,绝大部分地区荒无人烟,且地靠南极,气候严寒。但马岛的战略地位却毋庸置疑。西去400千米,是举世闻名的麦哲伦海峡,是由大西洋进入太平洋的海上交通要道,是通往南极的大门和前进基地。此外,马岛的大陆架还蕴藏有可观的石油资源。据称,其蕴藏量可能达20亿桶,有可能成为一个新的“科威特”。
一、英阿马岛争端的由来
英阿对马岛的主权之争由来已久。据历史记载,马岛被发现于16世纪,但何人何时发现,说法不一。阿认为,1520年,麦哲伦探险队的一名葡萄牙人戈梅斯最早发现了马岛。英国则认为是由英国航海家戴维斯于1592年8月14日驾驶“希望”号船首先发现的。1690年英国人约翰·斯特朗来到该岛时,发现了东西两个大岛之间的海峡,将其取名为“福克兰海峡”。此后,英国称该岛为“福克兰群岛”。1764年,法国人在东岛上建立了居民点,将其命名为“马洛于内群岛”。
1770年,西班牙占领了该岛,将其称为“马尔维纳斯群岛”。1816年阿根廷摆脱西班牙的统治宣告独立,并宣布继承对马岛的主权,将马岛定为阿的第24个省。4年后,阿海军又将国旗插上了索莱达岛要塞顶峰,宣布对该岛拥有全部主权。
英国则以该岛为英国人最早发现为由,于1832年和1833年先后出兵占领西岛和东岛。为显示主权,英国人在岛上设置了总督府及其他行政机构,向该岛移民,并挤走了岛上土著居民。此后,马岛便沦为英国殖民地。但阿从未放弃对马岛的主权要求。
1958年,英阿两国关于马岛的争端被诉诸于合国,联合国先后4次通过决议,要求英阿两国以谈判的方式解决争端。由于双方均不愿从本国的立场上后退,这种谈判只能是谈谈停停,吵吵争争,成为马拉松式的谈判,英国也因此控制着该岛100多年。
1982年2月26日,英阿关于马岛的谈判又重新开始,但是这一次,阿根廷人显然已对谈判失去了耐心和信心,他们已不指望能从谈判桌上得到什么,他们之所以愿意谈判只不过是故意放出来的烟幕。此时阿军方正在悄悄准备一项代号为“罗萨里奥”的行动计划,他们决心要以牙还牙,用武力来收回对马的主权,于是爆发了震惊世界的英阿马岛之战。
因为它有个马岛在那,不过跟阿根廷对这个地方的主权有争议
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