soap 和webservice的区别

2025-04-05 17:38:49
推荐回答(1个)
回答1:

SOAP简单的理解,就是这样的一个开放协议SOAP=RPC+HTTP+XML:采用HTTP作为底层通讯协议;RPC作为一致性的调用途径,XML作为数据传送的格式,允许服务提供者和服务客户经过防火墙在INTERNET进行通讯交互。RPC的描叙可能不大准确,因为SOAP一开始构思就是要实现平台与环境的无关性和独立性,每一个通过网络的远程调用都可以通过SOAP封装起来,包括DCE(Distributed Computing Environment ) RPC CALLS,COM/DCOM CALLS, CORBA CALLS, JAVA CALLS,etc。

SOAP 使用 HTTP 传送 XML,尽管HTTP 不是有效率的通讯协议,而且 XML 还需要额外的文件解析(parse),两者使得交易的速度大大低于其它方案。但是XML 是一个开放、健全、有语义的讯息机制,而 HTTP 是一个广泛又能避免许多关于防火墙的问题,从而使SOAP得到了广泛的应用。但是如果效率对你来说很重要,那么你应该多考虑其它的方式,而不要用 SOAP。

为了更好的理解SOAP,HTTP,XML如何工作的,不妨先考虑一下COM/DCOM的运行机制,DCOM处理网络协议的低层次的细节问题,如PROXY/STUB间的通讯,生命周期的管理,对象的标识。在客户端与服务器端进行交互的时候,DCOM采用NDR(Network Data Representation)作为数据表示,它是低层次的与平台无关的数据表现形式。

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