红提葡萄种植法

你好!我想问一下现在关于红提葡萄种植法
2025-04-01 17:13:09
推荐回答(2个)
回答1:

栽培技术
  红地球葡萄是美国提子中比较理想的品种,但因该品种是欧亚种,在南方种植时要注意病害防治,在栽培管理上应做好以下几个方面:
  1.合理定植。选择地势较高,排灌畅通,土壤土层深厚,肥沃疏松的壤土或沙壤土。南方以春植为宜,种植前要修剪根系,刺激伤口发根,枝杆用石硫合剂消毒,种后浇透定根水,并铺地膜以促进保温,早生根发芽。
  2.整形修剪。红地球葡萄生长势较强,顶端优势明显。幼树生长,新梢成熟晚,所以要注意树势的平衡促长,双十字V型架和T型架主蔓在80-100cm高时进行第1次摘心,促进第一层分枝,在1.5m高时第2次摘心促进第二层分枝,将第一、二层分枝水平引缚在铁丝上,对其进行抹芽、摘心促进老化,当年冬季时根据枝条老熟程度和粗度进行剪留。由于红地球葡萄结果枝率中等,故结果树整枝以中梢修剪为主,适当多留结果母枝,注意选留芽眼饱满、枝杆充实的枝条。
  3.花果管理。红提果穗排列紧密,果实相互挤压部分不能正常着色,必须进行整穗。开花后5-7天对结果新梢摘心并抹除副稍,每个结果新梢只留1穗,待幼果大小分明时进行整果,摘除授精不良、果形不正、色泽发黄的果粒,留下果形大小均匀、色泽鲜绿的果粒,每穗留60-80粒,使果粒分布均匀,并及时摘除副穗,掐去过长穗尖,使每穗重不超过1000g。为了改善果穗外观品质,使果面光洁,待果粒长至豆粒大小时进行套袋。
  4.科学运用肥水。红地球葡萄幼树生长苗期,忌旱怕涝,定植后须灌水充足,当年苗前期浇粪清水,每隔5-7天1次,薄肥勤施,其浓度随植株生长而逐渐增加,以促进苗木迅速生长。8月中旬停止氮肥施用,改施磷钾肥。并在5-8月每月增施0.3%磷酸二氢钾、绿芬威等根外追肥l-2次,喷施时一般宜在下午3时后喷洒,重点喷叶背面。结果树追肥要重施催芽肥,适施膨果肥和着色肥,并适当增加复合肥的用量,施基肥最佳时间是在葡萄采收后1个月,即9月下旬至10月份,因为此时生长气温较高,叶片光合作用好,施肥后不仅断根容易愈合,还有利于树体贮存养分恢复树势。在萌芽前应充分灌足萌芽水,适浇膨大水,着色期适当控水,以增加果实糖度和提早上色。
  5.病虫害防治。由于红地球葡萄抗病性较弱,易感黑痘病、霜霉病、白腐病,早春萌芽前喷1遍3-5波美度的石硫合剂或200倍的五氯酚钠,铲除越冬病菌,这是关键。生长期主要是防治好黑痘病,每隔5-7天喷药1次,苗期可用科博、大生、杜邦福星进行防治。另可用托布津、速克灵、炭疽福美、代森锰锌等防治灰霉病、炭疽病和霜霉病。对于透翅蛾、金龟子等害虫可用乐果、敌杀死等进行防治,以上药剂应注意交替使用,以免产生抗药性。

回答2:

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