在中国历史上,唯一一个被“灭十族”的悲剧人物究竟是谁?
推荐回答(5个)
我来说下个人看法。
这个唯一一个被灭十族的人是明朝时期儒学大家、建文帝重臣方孝孺,一位正直的忠臣。其实凭借他的能力,他完全可以像其他人一样投降朱棣、获得更高的功名利禄。然而,却最终选择了气节。
当朱棣造反时,他的主要谋士姚广孝曾这样评价方孝孺:“杀孝孺,天下读书种子绝矣”。

这位阴谋家出身的和尚在明成祖朱棣那里的分量有多重,这样说吧,在靖难之后,朱棣攻占南京,建立帝在大火中失踪,朱棣为了找到这位大侄子就差将全国掘地三尺了。后来,有人说当时建文帝的主录僧溥洽知道他的去向,成祖便将他软禁了起来。而当姚广孝临终前向成祖请求放了溥洽时,十几年没有答案的朱棣放下了心中执念,最终答应了下来。
而姚广孝对方孝孺如此看重,他本人若愿意投靠朱棣,后世《永乐大典》的总编纂官应该就是他了。
当然,历史没有如果。

在公元1402年,朱棣攻下南京后,为了安抚人心,需要建文帝的一位重臣书写朱棣的登基诏书昭告天下。而身为建文重臣的方孝孺再合适不过了,但是在投降和气节间,他毫不犹豫选择了气节。当他应召见到朱棣后,强硬回怼成祖,作为满腹经纶的儒学家,朱棣根本无法说服对方,而双方火气越来越大。
最终,朱棣失去了耐心、将姚广孝的劝告抛到了九霄云外,将其车裂以儆效尤。除此之外,诛灭十族,当然正常来说,只有九族,第十族由朱棣原创:加上了方孝孺的朋友和门生,总共株连873人。

对于后世来说,随着时间推移,这位儒学大家也慢慢获得了应有的声誉。明成祖后的明仁宗已经开始为靖难牵连的建文旧臣平反了,而方孝孺也被其称为忠臣。到了万历时期,懒得出奇的神宗皇帝还特意下诏释放了方孝孺戍边的后裔,至此,朱棣这一脉挽回了之前造下的罪恶。
明朝文人方孝孺。不过他不是悲剧,他的亲朋好友和学生才是悲剧。靖难之役后朱棣想招降他,他不肯就算了,各种羞辱朱棣,朱棣一怒之下就诛了他十族。
根据史记记载,这个人的名字叫做方孝孺,诛他10族,死者高达800多人,行行7日为止,到最后杀方孝孺的时候,方孝孺一直在谩骂,皇帝就下令将他处以凌迟之刑,死状非常凄惨。
他是方孝孺(1357-1402),明代宁海人,字希直,一字希古,号逊志,曾以“逊志”名其书斋,因其故里旧属缑城里,故称“缑城先生”;又因在汉中府任教授时,蜀献王赐名其读书处为“正学”,亦称“正学先生”,明朝大臣、学者、文学家、散文家、思想家。后因拒绝为发动“靖难之役”的燕王朱棣草拟即位诏书,被朱棣杀害。南明福王时追谥“文正”。
唯一一个被灭十族的人是明朝儒学大家,建文帝重臣方孝孺,他一位正直的忠臣。其实凭借他的能力,他完全可以像其他人一样投降朱棣、获得更高的功名利禄。然而,却最终选择了气节。
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