为什么名人写错别字就被说成是通假字,我们写错别字就要被罚抄?
推荐回答(1个)
印象中我们小时学写汉字时,或多或少有着写错被罚的经历。在接受“罚抄一百遍”之类的惩罚时,都希望着有人能帮忙说几句话,让这个错字也成为一个词汇,以免受罚抄之痛。只可惜每次都遇不上“拔刀相助”的好汉,所以只得乖乖写上x遍,然后逐渐形成了记忆,再也不会写错。
我学写汉字也是通过“罚抄”打下基础的。从前一直认为那些古往今来的大手笔,应该是从来没有错字的,诸如说语文教本上的什么李白啊,欧阳修啊,鲁迅啊,都是文字大师,写错字哪里是他们能做出来的事?就算写错,语文教本也该修订掉了吧。可教本上《宣州谢朓楼饯别校书叔云》《醉翁亭记》《雪》之类的名篇里,分明有着“错别字”。当时心想语文教本怎么能纵容别字的存在?但再一细看,书底下注释里总是有“…”通“…”之类的话,令我瞠目结舌——写出来的错别字还真的成新词汇了啊!后来才知道这就是通假字,说白了,就是错别字。回头联系当今那一件件被淡化、美化的“名人丑闻”,怒从心生:真不公平呐,那些文豪们要是在学校,那也不是要“罚抄一百遍”……
现在回忆,感到这种我想法实在是幼稚:哼,我真是笨!古时怎能和现在相比!古人写不出正确汉字,才称替代的汉字为“通假字”,而现在的诸如某某名人犯错,要不是有着“通假”一类的特权,怎么称得上“名人”呢!但同时又有一种凉意掠过心头:对啊,人非圣贤,孰能无过,名人只是名人,也是人,当今社会一些名人的错误就可以被忽略了呢?
纵观我们悠远的历史呵,“忽略名人错误”的行为又何止是当今的“通假”!从自古史书记载来看,各代帝王将相的种种失误,都被史书吞没或浮光掠影的展现一下,然后就草草收场。明朝皇帝朱棣,在侄子朱允炆“削藩”之时逆天道行之,率兵攻入南京,篡朱允炆之位,再后来迁都北京,只因为政绩辉煌,他这种篡位夺权的行为就被当时忽视、忽视、再忽视,他虽比前朝帝王更有丰功伟绩,但同样难以被天理所容,所以朱棣这个皇帝,除政治方面我都不太喜欢。绕开政治家而再去谈文学,汪曾祺应该算是近代文坛一位大家,在这里谈谈他的《夏天》,并非对其人有何意见,而是里面对栀子花的一段描写令读者印象“尤为深刻”——栀子花说:“去你妈的,我就是要这样香,香的痛痛快快,你他妈的管的着吗!”但是偏偏有人要求,说要赏析这段文字,体现这并非用语不雅,而是要突出栀子花的香,给文章增添趣味。且不说表现栀子花的香有没有更好的方式,增加趣味这一点让我十分不解——放在一个普通人,要在文章里加个“去你…”,说是增加趣味,不被别人骂做“低俗”就怪了!
也就在前不久,国学大师季老先生去世了。在一篇篇悼念的报道中,有一条虽不起眼,却十分令我震撼——季老要求出版社修改他出版作品中的每个错别字!何等的严谨呵!也无怪乎群众称呼他“国学泰斗”,他无愧这个称号!因为在一个民族,一个国家的光辉发展史中,有一点很重要的,就是正视一切错误,不给错误留有余地,更不能因为名人效应而去把错误修订为正确的东西。错误的概念也不是完全的,正确和错误也是人们定下的,但是平凡人的错误为错误,名人的错误为正确,就成为一种可笑的态度。
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