推荐回答(2个)
杜甫
在我国古典诗歌发展过程中,杜甫占有继往开来的重要地位。他继承了自《诗经》、汉魏乐府以来诗歌注重反映现实的创作传统,并使之更为高超更为成熟。他没有遵循建安以来沿袭乐府古题的创作旧习,而是本着汉乐府“缘事而发”的精神,自创新题, “即事名篇” 。对这类作品,白居易在《与元九书》中作了很高的评价,而元稹在《乐府古题序》中更叙述了他们所受的启发:“近代惟诗人杜甫《悲陈陶》、《哀江头》、《兵车》、《丽人》等,凡所歌行,率皆即事名篇,无复依傍。予少时与友人白乐天、李公垂辈谓是为当,遂不再拟赋古题。”这是说,在他们眼中,近代诗人中,只有杜甫的《悲陈陶》、《哀江头》、《兵车行》、《丽人行》才是纪实名篇,年轻时他们就不再写乐府古题了,而是自创名篇。对这类作品,白居易在《与元九书》中作了很高的评价,而元稹在《乐府古题序》中更叙述了他们所受的启发:“近代惟诗人杜甫《悲陈陶》、《哀江头》、《兵车》、《丽人》等,凡所歌行,率皆即事名篇,无复依傍。予少时与友人白乐天、李公垂辈谓是为当,遂不再拟赋古题。”这是说,在他们眼中,近代诗人中,只有杜甫的《悲陈陶》、《哀江头》、《兵车行》、《丽人行》才是纪实名篇,年轻时他们就不再写乐府古题了,而是自创名篇。中唐诗坛的新乐府创作风气,正是由杜甫直接开导而出的。
杜甫诗歌中高度的爱国精神,不仅在文学史上而且也在中国史上起着积极的教育作用。宋代爱国诗人陆游深受杜甫影响,从杜诗领会到“诗出于人”的道理,好诗是由于有好的优秀的人格所造成的,所谓“工夫在诗外”,这就纠正了他早年学诗“但欲工藻绘”(《示子谵》)的偏差,陆游后代创作出许多可歌可泣的爱国诗篇。民族英雄文天祥,一生酷爱杜诗,在燕京坐牢三年间,更是专读杜诗,并集杜诗为五言绝句二百首。
为了全面地反映现实,杜甫掌握了利用了当时所有的一切诗体,并创造性地发挥了各种诗体的功能,为各种诗体树立了典范,泽被后人甚为深广。
为了生动而真实地反映社会生活,在表现手法上杜甫也为后人开示不少法门。如学习民歌运用白话和口语,大大提高了诗歌的表现力和俗语在诗中的地位,使唐诗创作更接近生活,接近人民群众。元稹《酬孝甫见赠》诗说:“杜甫天才颇绝伦,每寻诗卷似情亲。怜渠直道当时语,不著心源傍古人。” 是说杜甫能够自作新词,吸收口语和白话来写作,形成了新的境界。后来元稹和白居易诸人诗歌的趋向通俗化,都是受杜甫影响。另外,杜甫在诗歌创作中锤炼字句、“字字不闲” 的创作精神,对后来宋代“江西诗派” 强调 “无一字无来处”,“以故为新,以俗为雅”,欲以奇句硬语惊人的诗学追求更有直接的启迪。
用形容词描述概念,你想怎么说都可以。但都是虚幻的。不就是“十分重要的地位”。!
大概神仙也画不岀杜甫在中国文学史上是什么样的地位。
杜甫已离开人世逾千年,已不在乎神马地位不地位了。
这种问题严格地说是概念命题,并没有什么实际的用途,也不带来实际的文学知识,多扯就会沦为扯蛋。
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