蒙古族饮食禁忌和待人接物的规定

蒙古族饮食禁忌和待人接物的规定
2025-03-21 20:35:51
推荐回答(1个)
回答1:

一、蒙古族的饮食禁忌
1.避讳食用变脏的食物—其一,凡变质、污染或制作过程不卫生的饮食品,都被视为变脏的食物,禁忌食用。其二,凡偷盗、抢夺或骗取的饮食品,被视为来路不明的变脏食物,禁忌食用。其三,凡吝啬而引起他人贪馋的饮食品,被视为渗入他人馋欲污染而避讳食用。—2.白食禁忌之俗——蒙古人把奶食称之为“白食”。忌讳把奶桶等盛奶食的器皿扣放,否则视为一种不吉利的行为;忌讳有意无意倒洒牛奶,否则将会得到苍天的斥责;忌讳把奶食与肉食摆放一起,防止串味污染奶食品;加工和食用时忌讳在奶食品中放人盐碱等调料或加入葱蒜蔬菜等,否则被视为错误的制作和食用方法。3.红食禁忌之俗——宰羊时禁忌抹脖子,必须从胸口杀羊;解肉时禁忌胡乱剁开,必须按骨节卸开;剔肉时禁忌把骨头剔刮干净,必须留有部分肉;煮肉时禁忌过火炖烂,破坏肉食营养成份;盛肉时禁忌把餐刀和肉放在一个盘内,应该把餐刀放在另外的盘内;给客人递餐刀时禁忌刀尖向客人或刀刃朝上,应该刀刃朝下,刀尖朝里;吃胛骨肉时禁忌一人独享,必须分给大家一同享用。4.饮品禁忌之俗——蒙古人特别忌讳绐客人倒上白开水,应该献给阿奶茶。禁忌用旧水或浊水熬茶,应该用新水或清水熬茶。忌讳吃肉后不喝汤而退席,应该喝完肉汤之后退席。禁忌在长者和父母面前饮酒,应该获得准许之后方可饮酒。忌讳不进行萨察礼而饮酒。禁忌给小孩儿饮酒。敬酒时应站立并用右手敬酒,接酒时应站起来,用右手去接。二、待人接物的规定 见面要互致问候,即便是陌生人也要问好;平辈、熟人相见,一般问:“赛拜努”(你好),若是遇见长者或初次见面的人,则要问:“他赛拜努”(您好)。款待行路人(不论认识与否),是蒙古族的传统美德,但到蒙古族人家里做客必须敬重主人。进入蒙古包后,要盘腿围着炉灶坐在地毡上,但炉西面是主人的居处,主人不上坐时不得随便坐。主人敬上的奶茶,客人通常是要喝的,不喝有失礼貌;主人请吃奶制品,客人不要拒绝,否则会伤主人的心。如不便多吃,吃一点也行。
献哈达也是蒙古族的一项高贵礼节。献哈达时,献者躬身双手托着递给对方,受者亦应躬身双手接过或躬身让献者将哈达挂在脖子上,并表示谢意。 蒙古人长幼有序,敬老爱幼。到蒙古包牧民家做客,见到老人要问安。不在老人面前通过,不坐其上位,未经允许不要与老人并排而坐。称呼老人要称“您”,不许以“你”相称或直呼其名。见到牧民孩子不要大声斥责,更不能打孩子。不要当着家人的面说孩子生理上的缺陷。对孩子和善、亲切,被认为是对家长的尊重。

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