用解构主义分析失乐园中的撒旦形象

　　在《失乐园》所塑造的人物中，撒旦形象历来受赞扬最多，同时争议也最大。

　　浪漫主义诗人布莱克，拜伦，雪莱等对这个形象所体现的英雄气概和崇高美更是推崇备至。他们相信撒旦在史诗中被作者塑造成了真正的英雄。布莱克认为，撒旦代表情欲，代表人类富于想象的灵魂。他说，弥尔顿写到天使和上帝时，感到缩手缩脚，但写到恶魔和地狱时却发挥得淋漓尽致，这是因为弥尔顿是一个真正的诗人，自己站在恶魔一边却不自知。

　　当然许多人不同意这种看法，因为在后面各卷中，撒旦的形象越来越渺小，猥琐，直到在第十卷中变成一条嘴里嚼着苦灰的令人厌恶的蛇。需要指出的是，撒旦那具有崇高美的叛逆者形象并非完全是弥尔顿的创造。在大约写于8世纪的宗教诗《凯德蒙的圣诗》中，作者就成功的塑造了一个不愿做奴仆，不向上帝折腰，只要自己做神的颇具叛逆精神的撒旦形象。米尔顿的撒旦无疑受到它的影响。

　　但无论怎样看，撒旦仍是一个塑造的十分成功的艺术形象。特别是在前两卷里，他被赶出天堂，扔到地域的火海中后，仍然充满不屈不挠的精神，发誓要继续与万能的上帝对抗。他说：

　　我们损失了什么？
　　并非什么都丢光：不挠的意志，
　　热切的复仇心，不灭的憎恨，
　　以及永不屈服，永不退让的勇气，
　　还有什么比这些更难战胜？

　　读到这些充满豪气的语言，看到他那克服一切困难去实现自己计划的不屈意志，人们不禁会感到，布莱克的话不无道理。撒旦能得到浪漫主义诗人和众多读者的赞叹，很大程度上就在于这个形象体现了意志的自由。

　　"Paradise Lost" to shape the character, the image of Satan has been praised by most, at the same time also the most controversial.

　　Romantic poets Blake, Byron, Shelley, and so on the image embodied the noble and heroic spirit of the United States is more highly. They believe that Satan was the author of the epic in the mold has become a real hero. Black believes that passion on behalf of Satan, on behalf of the imaginative human soul. He said that Milton wrote that God and angels, are overcautious, but wrote that the devil and hell when its head, because Milton is a true poet, standing on their own side of the devil do not know.

　　Of course, many people do not agree with this view, because in the back of each volume, the image of Satan more and more small and insignificant until the X in the mouth in a chewing into the bitter ashes of the offensive snake. It should be noted that Satan that has a noble image of the United States and the traitor is not entirely the creation of Milton. In writing about in the 8th century religious poem, "Hymn of the Kaide Meng," the authors on the successful do not want to create a servant, not to Zheyao God, as long as God's very own rebellious spirit of Satan's image. Milton's Satan is no doubt it has been.

　　In any case, Satan is still a very successful in shaping the image of the arts. Especially in the first two volumes, he was expelled from paradise into flames in the area, still full of indomitable spirit, vowed to continue with the fight against God Almighty. He said:

　　We have lost what?
　　Diuguang is not everything: unswerving will of the fervent heart of revenge, hatred is immortal,
　　and never yielding, never give courage,
　　but also more difficult to overcome than these?

　　I read these full of heroic language, to see that he overcome all difficulties to realize their plans indomitable will of the people can not help but feel, not without reason, then black. Satan can be romantic poet and admiration of many readers, to a large extent this is reflected in the image of the will of freedom.

　　以上，希望对你有所帮助。

Satan then becomes how small heinous, no matter how painful and even inside his remorse, there is one thing he has never changed, and that is he in any case not yield. I am afraid this is the indomitable will of the freedom of the Romantic poets and revolutionaries had resonated in the hearts Milton, Milton and even in shaping the image sometimes even "the devil standing on one side without realizing it."