碳酸钠标定盐酸标准溶液时问什么可用溴甲酚绿-二甲基黄做指示剂?能否改用酚酞

盛放碳酸钠的锥形瓶是否需要预先烘干?加入的水是否需要准确
2025-03-16 16:23:42
推荐回答(3个)
回答1:

用碳酸钠标定盐酸时,是酸滴定碱的过程。通常是采用甲基橙作为指示剂,变色pH值大约是4.5.溴甲酚绿-甲基黄混合指示剂的变色pH值大约是5.1,所以可以用来代替甲基橙做指示剂。并且,混合指示剂的变色从红色变为绿色,比单用甲基橙更明显。通常来说,用混合指示剂的pH值控制可以在+/-0.2的范围,而用单一指示剂pH值的控制范围在+/-0.3左右。
不能改用酚酞。因为酚酞的变色pH值约为8.用酚酞滴定会造成终点提前,使滴定结果偏小。也就是说,碳酸钠还没有滴定完毕,就已经变色,造成达到终点的假象。

对于高中,需要记住的就是,酸滴定碱,用甲基橙作指示剂(或者石蕊),碱滴定酸用酚酞作指示剂。

碳酸钠的锥形瓶不需要预先烘干,加入的水也不需要特别准确,当然不要相差很大。(用烧瓶上的刻度来大致判断就可以了)

回答2:

溴甲酚绿-二甲基黄混合指示剂,其终点颜色变化为绿色到亮黄色(pH=3.9).用碳酸钠标定盐酸,刚好反应完时,由于产生的二氧化碳溶于水,所以溶液该显弱酸性,PH=3.9正合适,所以能用,如用酚酞,由于酚酞是在弱碱性下才变色,所以误差较大,效果没溴甲酚绿-二甲基黄好。盛放碳酸钠的锥形瓶不需要预先烘干,因为只需要知道碳酸钠总量,碳酸钠的体积是由滴定管滴入体积决定的。加水干什么?洗涤锥形瓶上残留液体?,如果是的则不用准确

回答3:

否改用酚酞误差较大.

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