召公谏厉王弭谤中召公用比喻的方法想让厉王明白什么道理,这样的方法有什么好处?

2025-03-31 00:11:53
推荐回答(4个)
回答1:

  一、让厉王明白要广开言路,接受百姓的意见并及时改正自身的缺点,不能壅民之口。
  召公通过一前一后的比喻来劝谏厉王:
  (1)、前一个比喻,说明“防民之口”的害处:防民之口,甚于防川;川雍而溃,伤人必多。
  (2)、后一个比喻,说明“宣之于口”的好处:“民之有口也,犹土之有山川也,财用于是乎出;犹其有原隰衍沃也,衣食于是乎生。口之宣言也,善败于是乎兴。”
    (3)、中间一段切入正题,以“天子听政”总领下文,从正面写了“宣之使言”的种种好处。从公卿列士,史、瞽、师、蒙,到百工庶人,广开言路,畅所欲言,而后经天子斟酌取舍,补察时政,就使政策、政令不背真理。

  二、通过比喻把抽象深奥的道理阐述得生动形象,使论证浅显易懂,也就就能说服厉王,起到劝谏的作用。
  三、出自《国语》:
  厉王虐,国人谤王。召公告曰:“民不堪命矣!”王怒,得卫巫,使监谤者。以告,则杀之。国人莫敢言,道路以目。
  王喜,告召公曰:“吾能弭谤矣,乃不敢言。”召公曰:“是鄣之也。防民之口,甚于防川;川雍而溃,伤人必多。民亦如之。是故为川者,决之使导;为民者,宣之使言。故天子听政,使公卿至于列士献诗,瞽献曲,史献书,师箴,瞍赋,朦诵,百工谏,庶人传语,近臣尽规,亲戚补察,瞽、史教诲,耆艾修之,而后王斟酌焉。是以事行而不悖。民之有口也,犹土之有山川也,财用于是乎出;犹其有原隰衍沃也,衣食于是乎生。口之宣言也,善败于是乎兴。行善而备败,所以阜财用衣食者也。夫民虑之于心,而宣之于口,成而行之,胡可壅也?若壅其口,其与能几何?”
  王弗听,于是国人莫敢出言。三年,乃流王于彘。

回答2:

道理是:防民之口,甚于防川。意思是,不能堵塞言路,要让老百姓敢于提意见,否则会导致统治的垮台。
好处是:形象、生动,易于理解。

回答3:

统治者如何对待百姓言论,关系着国家的兴衰。先用“川壅必溃”,指出弭谤的危险性。再用“ 民之有口,犹土之有山川也”“犹其有原隰衍沃也”,指出让人民讲话,可以“行善而备败”,达到“阜财用衣食”的目的。

好处:直陈利害,严厉斥责厉王,使他改过自新

回答4:

明白要善待民众
好处:厉王容易接受

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